\documentclass[letterpaper]{article}
\nonstopmode
\akai
\usepackage{linuxdoc-sgml}
\usepackage{qwertz}
\usepackage{url}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage{t1enc}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{epsfig}
\usepackage{null}
\def\addbibtoc{
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\numberline{\mbox{}}\relax\bibname}
}%end-preamble
\setcounter{page}{1}
\title{The Linux Mail User HOWTO}
\author{×÷Õß: John {\ttfamily \onlynameurl{esr@thyrsus.com}}\\ 
ÒëÕß: ËÕ½­ÎÄ {\ttfamily \onlynameurl{softsprite@yeah.net}}}
\date{v2.2, 07 May 1999
·­ÒëÈÕÆÚ: 9 Feb 2000}
\abstract{±¾ÎÄ½éÉÜLinuxÏÂµÄ\idx{µç×ÓÓÊ¼þ} (\idx{email}) ÊÀ½ç¡£Ö÷ÒªÃæÏòÍ¨¹ýISPÁªÍøµÄ¼ÒÍ¥ºÍÐ¡ÐÍÉÌÓÃ»úÆ÷µÄÓÃ»§¼¶Ó¦ÓÃºÍµäÐÍÅäÖÃ¡£Èç¹ûÄã¼Æ»®Í¨¹ýµç×ÓÓÊ¼þÔÚ±¾µØ»òÔ¶³ÌÍ¨Ñ¶µÄ»°£¬Äã¾ÍÐèÒªÔÄ¶Á±¾ÎÄ¡£Èç¹ûÄã²»ÐèÒªÓëÆäËü±¾µØ»òÍâ²¿ÊÀ½çÓÃ»§½»»»µç×ÓÓÊ¼þµÄ»°£¬ÄÇ÷áÄã¾ÍºÜ¿ÉÄÜÈ·Êµ {\itshape ²»\/} ÐèÒªÔÄ¶Á±¾ÎÄ¡£ÒªµÃµ½¹Øì¶ÅäÖÃºÍ¹ÜÀíÓÊ¼þµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬ÇëÔÄ¶ÁMail Administrator HOWTO¡£}


\begin{document}
\maketitle
\tableofcontents

\section{¸ÅÊö}

±¾ÎÄµÄÄ¿µÄÔÚì¶½âÊÍµç×ÓÓÊ¼þÊÇÈçºÎ¹¤×÷µÄ£¬²¢ÇÒ»Ø´ðÒ»Ð©ÔÚLinuxÏÂÓÐ¹Øµç×ÓÓÊ¼þÈí¼þµÄ¾­³£Ìá³öµÄÎÊÌâ¡£

ÏÖ´úLinux·¢ÐÐ°æ±¾¶¼Ìá¹©Ò»¸öÔ¤ÅäÖÃºÃ¡¢¿ÉÊ¹ÓÃµÄµç×ÓÓÊ¼þÏµÍ³£¬Í¨³£ÊÇ \idx{sendmail-v8} ¡£±¾ÎÄ½«¼ÙÉèÄãÒÑ¾­¾ß±¸Õâ¸öÏµÍ³ÒÔ¼°¿ÉÕý³£¹¤×÷µÄInternetÁ¬½Ó¡£

(ÒªµÃµ½¹Øì¶ÈçºÎÅäÖÃ PPP »ò SLIP µ½Ò»¸ö ISP µÄÓÐ¹ØÐÅÏ¢£¬Çë²éÔÄ \nameurl{http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/ISP-Hookup-HOWTO.html}{ISP Hookup HOWTO} ¡£)

Òò´Ë£¬²»Ïó Vince Skahan's 1.x °æ±¾£¬±¾ÎÄ¾Û½¹ÔÚÓÃ»§ÊµÏÖºÍ¹¹ÔìÉÏ¡£É¾³ýÁËÐí¶à¹Øì¶ UUCP¡¢IDA µÈÐí¶à¼¼ÊõÏ¸½Ú¡£




\subsection{±¾ÎÄµÄÐÂ°æ±¾}

±¾HOWTO½«Ã¿ÔÂÒ»´Î·¢±íÔÚÐÂÎÅ×é \nameurl{news:comp.os.linux.answers}{comp.os.linux.answers} 
ÄãÒ²¿ÉÒÔÔÚ \nameurl{http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Mail-User-HOWTO.html}{} ²éÔÄ±¾HOWTOµÄ×îÐÂ°æ±¾¡£




\subsection{µç×ÓÓÊ¼þ³ÌÐòÒªÇóµÄÓ²¼þ}

ÔÚLinuxÏÂµÄÓÊ¼þÏµÍ³²¢Ã»ÓÐÌØÊâµÄÓ²¼þÒªÇó¡£Èç¹ûÄãÓµÓÐÁ¬½Óµ½InternetµÄ±ØÐèÓ²¼þ£¬ÕâÐ©ÒÑ×ã¹»Ö§³ÖÓÊ¼þÏµÍ³ÔËÐÐ¡£




\subsection{µç×ÓÓÊ¼þ³ÌÐòµÄÈí¼þÀ´Ô´}

ÄãËùÐèÒªµÄµç×ÓÓÊ¼þÏµÍ³Èí¼þºÜ¿ÉÄÜÒÑ¾­Ô¤°²×°ÔÚÄãµÄLinux·¢ÐÐ°æ±¾ÖÐ¡£ÐèÒªÉý¼¶°æ±¾µÄ»°£¬¿ÉÒÔµ½ \nameurl{http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux}{Metalab LinuxArchive} £¬ÌØ±ðÊÇ \nameurl{http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/mail}{mail subdirectory}¡£




\section{ÓÊ¼þÓÃ»§´úÀí(MUA)}

±¾½Ú°üº¬¹Øì¶ÓÃ»§´úÀíµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÓÃ»§Ö±½ÓÊ¹ÓÃµÄÈí¼þ¡£Õâ¸öÈí¼þÒÀÀµì¶ Mail Administrator's HOWTO (¸ÃÎÄÖÐ»¹½²ÊöÁËÓÃ»§´úÀíÅäÖÃºÍ¹ÊÕÏ½â¾ö¼¼ÇÉ)ÖÐËùÃèÊöµÄ´«ËÍ´úÀí (MTA) ¡£




\subsection{ÉèÖÃÄãµÄÓÊ¼þÊéÐ´Æ÷ \label{emacsclient}}

ÓÊ¼þÓÃ»§´úÀíµ÷ÓÃÒ»Ð©±à¼­Æ÷À´±àÐ´ÓÊ¼þ¡£ÔÚÕâÀï±à¼­Æ÷ÊÇÒ»¸öÈ±Ê¡±äÁ¿¡£°´ÕÕ unix µÄÔçÆÚÔ¼¶¨£¬Èç¹û»·¾³±äÁ¿
VISUAL ´æÔÚ£¬ÔòÊ¹ÓÃÆäËùÖ¸¶¨µÄ±à¼­Æ÷ÎªÊ×Ñ¡±à¼­Æ÷£¬·ñÔòÊ¹ÓÃ EDITOR »·¾³±äÁ¿ËùÖ¸¶¨µÄ±à¼­Æ÷¡£

³£¼ûµÄ EDITOR µÄÖµ°üÀ¨ 'vi' ºÍ 'emacs'¡£µ«Èç¹ûÄãÏóÎÒÒ»Ñù£¬×ÜÊÇÔËÐÐ Emacs ¹¤×÷µÄ»°£¬×îÓÐÐ§µÄ·½·¨ÊÇ
½« EDITOR ÉèÖÃÎª 'emacsclient'¡£½«ÏÂÃæµÄ´úÂë¼ÓÈëÄãµÄ .emacs ÎÄ¼þÖÐ¡£

\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
(autoload 'server-edit "server" nil t)
(server-edit)
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}


µ± emacsclient Èí¼þ¿ªÊ¼ÔËÐÐÊ±£¬Ëü×ÜÊÇÊÔÍ¼½¨Á¢ÓëÄãÒÑ¾­ÔËÐÐµÄ Emacs ÊµÀýÖ®¼äµÄÍ¨Ñ¶ÁªÏµ£¬
²¢ÇÒÏìÓ¦ Emacs ±à¼­µÄÓÊ¼þÁÙÊ±ÎÄ¼þ¡£ ÕâÑù£¬µ±ÄãµÄÓÊ¼þÏµÍ³µ÷ÓÃ±à¼­Æ÷Ê±£¬ÄãµÄ Emacs ÖÐ»áµ¯³öÒ»¸öÓÊ¼þ±àÐ´´°¿Ú¡£

µ±Äã±àÐ´ÍêÓÊ¼þ×¼±¸·¢ËÍÊ±£¬¼üÈë  C-x \# ¡£
ÓÊ¼þ»º³åÇø½«´ÓÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾ÇøÏûÊ§£¬ÄãµÄÓÊ¼þÏµÍ³Ëùµ÷ÓÃµÄ emacsclient ½«·µ»Ø£¬²¢½«¿ØÖÆÈ¨½»»¹¸øÓÊ¼þÏµÍ³¡£

Ò»´Î´ò¿ª¶à¸ö emacsclient ÊµÀýÊÇ¿ÉÐÐµÄ£¬²»»áÅªÂÒ Emacs¡£
µ«ÊÇ£¬µ±Æô¶¯ emacsclient ÊµÀýááÔÙÔËÐÐÁíÒ»¸ö Emacs ½«»áÅªÂÒ emacsclient ¡£Èç¹û·¢ÉúÁËÕâÖÖÇé¿ö£¬¹Ø±ÕËùÓÐµÄ Emacs ÊµÀý£¬±£Ö¤Ö»Æô¶¯Ò»¸ö Emacs¡£




\subsection{mutt}



ÕâÊÇÎÒÕýÔÚÊ¹ÓÃ²¢ÍÆ¼öµÄ¡£mutt ¼Ì³Ð elm ²¢È±Ê¡Ê¹ÓÃÏàËÆµÄÃüÁî£¬µ«¸üÇ¿´óºÍÈÝÒ×ÅäÖÃ¡£

Ëü¿ÉÒÔ×÷Îª POP3 »ò IMAP µÄ¿Í»§¶Ë£¬²¢ÇÒ¶Ô MIME ºÍ PGP ÓÐ¼«ºÃµÄÖ§³Ö¡£Mutt µÄÖ÷Ò³ÔÚ \nameurl{http://www.mutt.org}{http://www.mutt.org}¡£

Mutt ×ñ´Ó EDITOR/VISUAL Ô¼¶¨¡£




\subsection{elm}



Elm ÊÇµÚÒ»¸öÏÖ´ú¡¢ÆÁÄ»Çý¶¯µÄ Unix ÓÊ¼þÏµÍ³£¬µ«ÒÑ¾­Í£Ö¹¿ª·¢²¢ÒÑ±» Mutt ËùÈ¡´ú¡£
Ò»Ð©°æ±¾µÄ elm ÄÚÖÃ¶Ô POP3 µÄÖ§³Ö¡£ÒªµÃµ½¸ü¶àµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬Çë²Î¿¼ \nameurl{http://metalab.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/mail}{Metalab mailuser agents directory}¡£

elm ²»Ö§³Ö PGP¡£ÓÐ¹Øì¶ PGP µÄ²¹¶¡£¬µ« Mutt µÄ PGP Ö§³Ö¸ü¸ß¼¶¡£Èç¹ûÄãÏëÊ¹ÓÃ PGP µÄ»°£¬ÎÒÍÆ¼ö Mutt¡£

Elm ×ñ´Ó EDITOR/VISUAL Ô¼¶¨¡£




\subsection{pine}

Pine ÊÇÎª³õÑ§ÕßÉè¼ÆµÄÓÃ»§´úÀí£»Ëü°üÀ¨ÐÂÎÅÔÄ¶ÁÄÜÁ¦ºÍÄÚÖÃµÄ IMAP Ö§³Ö¡£Ðí¶àÈË²»Ï²»¶Ëü£¬ÎÒ¾õµÃ
ËüµÄÃüÁî¼¯Ì«ÉÙ£¬¿ÉÖÃÅäÖÃÐÔ½Ï²î£¬×Ô´øµÄ±à¼­Æ÷ºÜÄÑÊ¹ÓÃ¡£µ«ÊÇ£¬Ëü¶Ô IMAP µÄÖ§³Ö¼«ºÃ¡£Èç¹ûÄãÏëµÃµ½
ËüµÄ»°£¬¿ÉÒÔµ½ \nameurl{http://www.washington.edu/pine}{http://www.washington.edu/pine}¡£

Pine ×ñ´Ó EDITOR/VISUAL Ô¼¶¨¡£




\subsection{Netscape}

NetscapeÄÚÖÃ¶Ô POP3 ºÍ IMAP µÄÖ§³Ö£¬¿ÉÒÔ×÷ÎªÒ»¸öÓÊ¼þÓÃ»§´úÀíÊ¹ÓÃ¡£
µ«ÎÒ²¢²»ÍÆ¼öËü£¬ÒòÎªËü²¢²»ÊÇ×¨ÃÅ×÷Îª MUA ¶øÉè¼ÆµÄ£¬Òò´Ë²»ÏóÒ»¸öÕæÕýµÄ MUA ¿ÉÒÔÌá¹©¸ü¶àµÄ·þÎñ(±ÈÈç±ðÃûºÍ PGP Ö§³Ö)¡£

Netscape Ìá¹©Ò»¸ö×Ô´øµÄÐ¡ÐÍ±à¼­Æ÷¡£




\subsection{Emacs rmail/smail ºÍ vm.}



Emacs ÓÐÒ»¸öÄÜ·¢ËÍµÄÓÊ¼þµÄÄ£Ê½³ÆÎª smail£¬ÒÔ¼°Ò»¸öÄÜ½ÓÊÕÔÄ¶ÁÓÊ¼þµÄÄ£Ê½³ÆÎª rmail¡£
µ±ÄãÔÚÍêÈ«µÄ Emacs »·¾³ÖÐÊéÐ´ÓÊ¼þÊ±£¬ smail Ä£Ê½ÊÇ·Ç³£ÓÐÓÃµÄ(µ«ÇëÔÚ±¾ÎÄµÄÆäËüµØ·½
²éÔÄ¹Øì¶ \ref{emacsclient} {(emacsclient)} µÄÌÖÂÛ)¡£

ÁíÒ»·½Ãæ£¬rmail Ä£Ê½²¢²»ÖµµÃÍÆ¼ö¡£Ã¿Ò»´ÎÔËÐÐ rmail Ä£Ê½£¬Ëü×ÜÊÇ½«ÄãµÄÊÕ¼þÏä×ª»»³É BABYL ¸ñÊ½£»Í¨³£µÄÓÊ¼þ¹¤¾ß½«Òò´Ë¶øÎÞ·¨¹¤×÷¡£(Ò»µ©³öÏÖÕâÖÖÇé¿ö£¬¾ÍÔÚ Emacs ÃüÁîÐÐ¼üÈë {\ttfamily M-x unrmail} )¡£

ÓÐÒ»¸öÖ§³Ö emacs µÄÓÊ¼þÔÄ¶ÁÆ÷ 'vm'£¬¿ÉÒÔ¶ÁÐ´±ê×¼µÄ V7 ÊÕ¼þÏä¡£Ëü²¢Ã»ÓÐËæ GNU Emacs Ò»Æð·¢²¼£¬µ«Äã¿ÉÒÔ·ÃÎÊËüµÄÖ÷Ò³ \nameurl{http://www.wonderworks.com/vm/}{http://www.wonderworks.com/vm/}¡£



Emacs smail/rmail/vm ²¢²»×ñ´Ó EDITOR/VISUAL Ô¼¶¨¡£×÷ÎªÌæ´ú£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃÄÚÇ¶µÄ Emacs¡£




\subsection{BSD mail}

Èç¹ûÄãÔÚ Linux »òÆäËü±ê×¼ Unix µÄ shell ÖÐ¼òµ¥¼üÈë 'mail'£¬Äã¾Íµ÷ÓÃÁË BSD Mail ³ÌÐòµÄÄ³¸ö°æ±¾¡£Ëü×î³õÊÇÎªÖÕ¶Ë·½Ê½Éè¼ÆµÄÃüÁîÐÐÇý¶¯½çÃæ¡£ÏÖÔÚËü½öÒòÎªÀúÊ·µÄÔ­Òò¶ø´æÔÚ¡£

BSD Mail ×ñ´Ó EDITOR/VISUAL Ô¼¶¨¡£




\subsection{ÆäËüÓÃ»§´úÀí}

ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»Ð©ÒÑÖªµÄ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ Linux ÏÂÔËÐÐµÄÓÊ¼þÓÃ»§´úÀí³ÌÐò¡£Äã¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃ archie À´ÕÒµ½ËüÃÇ...

\begin{itemize}
\item mush      - mail user's shell£¬ÔÚÓÊ¼þ¹ýÂËºÍÅú´¦Àí·½Ãæ¹¦ÄÜÇ¿¾¢
\item mh        - mail handler
\end{itemize}


ÎÒ¶Ô mh »ò mush ¶¼ÁË½â²»¶à£¬ÎÞ·¨ËµµÃ¸üÏêÏ¸Ð©¡£ËüÃÇ¶¼ÓÐÏàµ±¸´ÔÓµÄ½çÃæ£¬ÊÇÎªÀÏÊÖÉè¼ÆµÄ¡£




\section{¸ß¼¶Ö÷Ìâ}




\subsection{±ðÃû}

±ðÃûÊÇÓÃÀ´ÉèÖÃÒ»¸ö¼ÙµØÖ·½«ÓÊ¼þ×ªÍ¶µ½ÁíÒ»¸öÓÊ¼þµØÖ·¡£ÓÐÁ½ÖÖ±ðÃû£ºMUA ±ðÃûºÍ MTA ±ðÃû¡£

MUA ±ðÃûÊÇÔÚÄãµÄ MUA ÖÐÉèÖÃµÄ¸öÈËµØÖ·ËÙ¼Ç¡£ÆäËûÓÃ»§²»ÄÜ¿´µ½ºÍÊ¹ÓÃÕâ¸ö±ðÃû¡£¾ÙÀýÈçÏÂ£º

\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
alias esr       Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}


ÔÚÄãµÄ mutt ÅäÖÃÎÄ¼þÖÐÈçÉÏÊéÐ´¡£ Õâ½«¸æËß mutt £¬µ±Ëü¿´µ½µØÖ·ÐÐÖÐ³öÏÖ 'esr' Ê±½«Æä¿´×÷ 'esr@thyrsus.com'¡£»òÕßµ±Äã¼üÈë 'mutt esr' Ê±£¬µØÖ·×Ô¶¯Õ¹¿ªÌîÐ´ÔÚ 'to' ÐÐ¡£

MTA ±ðÃûÊÇÄãµÄ MTA À©Õ¹£¬¿ÉÒÔ±»±¾µØ»òÔ¶³ÌµÄËùÓÐÈËÊ¹ÓÃ¡£
Òª´´½¨ MTA ±ðÃûÄã±ØÐëÐÞ¸ÄÄãµÄÏµÍ³ÎÄ¼þ£¬Í¨³£(µ«²»×Ü)ÊÇ \url{/etc/aliases} (¾ßÌåÎ»ÖÃÓëÄãµÄ MTA ÓÐ¹Ø)¡£
Äã¿ÉÒÔ²éÔÄÒ»ÏÂÄãÏµÍ³ÉÏµÄ \url{/etc/aliases} £¬Õâ½«¶ÔÄãÀí½â´óÓÐ°ïÖú£»Õâ¸öÎÄ¼þ¿ÉÒÔ°üº¬Ðí¶à±ê×¼±ðÃû±ÈÈç 'postmaster'¡£

ÄãµÄ MTA ¿ÉÄÜÒ²ÔÊÐí±ðÃûµÄÄ¿±êÊÇÒ»¸öÎÄ¼þÃû£¬Õâ½«±»ÊÓÎªÒ»¸öÓÊ¼þ½«¸½¼ÓÔÚÆäÖÐµÄÊÕ¼þÏä(ÕâÖÖ·½Ê½¶Ô´æµµÓÊ¼þ·Ç³£ÓÐÓÃ)¡£Ò²¿ÉÄÜÔÊÐí±ðÃûµÄÄ¿±êÊÇÒ»¸ö³ÌÐò£¬ÔÚÕâÖÖ·½Ê½ÏÂËÍÍù±ðÃûµÄÓÊ¼þ½«×÷Îª¸Ã³ÌÐòÊµÀýµÄ±ê×¼ÊäÈë¡£




\subsection{×ª¼Ä}

MTA ±ðÃûµÄÉèÖÃÍ¨³£ÒªÇó¾ß±¸¹ÜÀíÔ±È¨ÏÞ¡£¶ÔÆÕÍ¨ÓÊ¼þÓÃ»§¶øÑÔÖµµÃÐÀÏ²µÄÊÇ¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃ×ª¼Ä¸öÈËÓÊ¼þ¶ø²»ÐèÒª¹ÜÀíÔ±È¨ÏÞ¡£

ÎªÊµÏÖÕâÒ»¹¦ÄÜ£¬Ðí¶à MTA °´ÕÕ sendmail ±ê×¼ÔÚÄãµÄÖ÷Ä¿Â¼ÏÂ²éÕÒ {\ttfamily \idx{.forward}} ÎÄ¼þ¡£
Õâ¸öÎÄ¼þµÄÄÚÈÝ±»½âÊÍ³É±ðÃûµÄÄ¿±ê£¬¿ÉÒÔ½ÓÊÕÄãµÄËùÓÐÓÊ¼þ¡£×î³£ÓÃµÄÊÇ×ª¼ÄÄãµÄÓÊ¼þµ½ÁíÒ»Ì¨»úÆ÷¡£




\subsection{×Ô¶¯»Ø¸´}



{\ttfamily .forward} µÄÁíÒ»¸ö³£ÓÃ¹¦ÄÜÊÇ×ªËÍÄãµÄÓÊ¼þµ½Ò»¸ö 'vacation' ³ÌÐò¡£Õâ¸ö³ÌÐò¶ÁÈëÓÊ¼þ²¢×Ô¶¯Éú³ÉÒÑÂ¼ÖÆºÃµÄ»Ø¸´£»Èç¹ûÄãÕýÔÚ¶É¼Ù£¬ÔÚÔ¤¶¨µÄÈÕÆÚÄÚÎÞ·¨·µ»Ø£¬¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃ¸Ã¹¦ÄÜ×Ô¶¯»Ø¸´ÓÊ¼þ¡£ 

Ã»ÓÐÒ»¸ö±ê×¼µÄ×Ô¶¯»Ø¸´³ÌÐò¡£ÓÐÁ½¸öÔ­Òò£ºÒ»ÊÇÕâÑùÒ»¸ö³ÌÐòºÜÈÝÒ×ÓÃ´ø¹ýÂË¹æÔòµÄ shellscript ±àÐ´(¼ûÏÂÀý)£»¶þÊÇ×Ô¶¯»Ø¸´³ÌÐòÔÚÓÊ¼þÁÐ±íÖÐÓÐ»µµÄÏà»¥×÷ÓÃ¡£

ÔÚÉèÖÃ×Ô¶¯»Ø¸´Ç°£¬ÄãÐèÒªÔÝÊ±ÍË¶©ËùÓÐµÄÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í£»·ñÔòÄãËù¶©ÔÄµÄÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í½«±»ÄãµÄ×Ô¶¯»Ø¸´ÓÊ¼þËùÑÍÃ»¡£ÕâÊÇÒ»ÖÖ·Ç³£´ÖÂ³µÄÐÐÎª£¬ÔÚÄã¶É¼Ù»ØÀ´Ê±ÓÐÄãºÃÊÜµÄ¡£




\subsection{ÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í}

ÓÊ¼þÁÐ±íÊÇÒ»ÖÖ·¢ËÍÓÊ¼þ¸ø²»Ö¹Ò»¸öÈËµÄ¼ÙµØÖ·¡£

ÔÚ×î¼òµ¥µÄ¸ñÊ½ÖÐ£¬ÓÊ¼þµØÖ·Ö»ÊÇÒ»¸öÓÐ¶à¸ö½ÓÊÕµØÖ·µÄ MTA ±ðÃû¡£
Ò»Ð© smail ÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í¾ÍÊÇÓÃÕâÖÖ·½Ê½Î¬»¤µÄ¡£Sendmail ÔòÊ¹ÓÃ \url{/etc/aliases}£¬ÔÚ±ðÃûµÄÄ¿±êµØÖ·ÖÐ·ÅÖÃÓÊ¼þÁÐ±íµØÖ·ÎÄ¼þ¡£¾ÍÏóÒÔÏÂËùÊ¾£º

\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
admin-list:     ":include:/usr/home/admin/admin-list"
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}


ÕâÖÖ·½Ê½´øÀ´µÄÓÅÊÆÊÇ admin-list ÎÄ¼þ¿ÉÒÔ·ÅÔÚÃ»ÓÐÈ¨ÏÞÓÃ»§µÄÈÎºÎµØ·½¡£ÆäËüÒ»Ð© MTA Ò²Ê¹ÓÃÏàËÆµÄ·½·¨¡£

ÕâÖÖ¼òµ¥µÄÁÐ±íÍ¨³£³Æ×÷ '\idx{mail reflectors}'¡£ÕâÖÖ·½Ê½ÓÐÁ½¸öÎÊÌâ¡£Ò»ÊÇÒò´íÎóÒýÆðµÄ·µ»ØÐÅÏ¢½«´«¸øËùÓÐµÄÓÃ»§¡£ÁíÒ»¸öÊÇËùÓÐµÄ¶©ÔÄºÍÍË¶©¶¼±ØÐëÓÉÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í¹ÜÀíÕßÀ´ÊÖ¹¤Íê³É¡£

ÓÐÒ»Àà±»³ÆÎª \idx{mailing list manager} µÄÈí¼þ¿ÉÒÔ½â¾öÕâÐ©ÎÊÌâ¡£ËüÃÇ×îÖØÒªµÄ¹¦ÄÜ¾ÍÊÇÔÊÐíÓÊ¼þÁÐ±íÓÃ»§¶©ÔÄºÍÍË¶©¶ø²»ÓÃÈ¥Î¬»¤ÁÐ±í¡£

ÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í¹ÜÀíÆ÷±£³Ö×ÔÉíµÄÓÃ»§ÁÐ±íÐÅÏ¢£¬Í¨¹ý \url{/etc/aliases} ÖÐµÄ³ÌÐò±ðÃûÓë MTA Áª½áÔÚÒ»Æð¡£
ÀýÈç£¬Èç¹ûÒÔÉÏ¹ÜÀíÁÐ±íÍ¨¹ý sendmail ÏµÍ³ÖÐÒ»¸ö±»³ÆÎª SmartList µÄÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í¹ÜÀíÆ÷Ê±£¬\url{/etc/aliases} ÎÄ¼þÖÐµÄ²¿·ÖÄÚÈÝ¿ÉÄÜÈçÏÂËùÊ¾£º

\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
admin-list: "|/usr/home/smartlist/bin/flist admin-list"
admin-list-request: "|/usr/home/smartlist/bin/flist admin-list-request"
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}


×¢ÒâÕâÖ»ÊÇ±ðÃûµÄÒ»²¿·Ö¡£°´Ô¼¶¨ÕæÊµµÄÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸ö \idx{request address} ÒÔ¹©ÓÃ»§¶©ÔÄºÍÍË¶©¡£ÍùÓÊ¼þÁÐ±íµÄÖ÷µØÖ··¢ËÍ¶©ÔÄ»òÍË¶©ÇëÇó±»ÈÏÎªÊÇ´ÖÂ³ºÍÎÞÖªµÄÐÐÎª£¬Ç§Íò¿É±ðÕâÑù×ö£¡

request address ²»½ö½öÌá¹©¶©ÔÄ/ÍË¶©¹¦ÄÜ¡£Ëü¿ÉÒÔÏìÓ¦°ïÖúÇëÇó£¬ÔÊÐíÄã²éÑ¯ÓÐË­ÔÚÁÐ±íÖÐ£¬»òÕßÈÃÄã×Ô¶¯·ÃÎÊÁÐ±íµµ°¸¡£Ëü»¹ÔÊÐíÁÐ±í¹ÜÀíÕßÏÞÖÆ¶ÔÒÑÖªÓÃ»§µÄÍ¶µÝ£¬µÚÒ»´ÎÍ¶µÝÊ±ÉèÖÃ×Ô¶¯¶©ÔÄµÄ·Ç³ÉÔ±ÁÐ±í£¬»òÉèÖÃ²»Í¬µÄ°²È«Ñ¡Ïî¡£

Mailing-list managers differ primarily in the design and
range of these secondary features.

ºÜ²»ÐÒ£¬ÓÊ¼þÁÐ±íµÄÇëÊ¾ÃüÁîÃ»ÓÐ±ê×¼»¯¡£ÓÐµÄÆÚ´ýÃüÁîÔÚÖ÷ÌâÐÐ£¬ÓÐµÄÔòºöÂÔÖ÷ÌâÐÐ¶øÆÚ´ýÃüÁîÔÚÓÊ¼þÄÚÈÝÖÐ¡£Äã±ØÐë×¢ÒâµÚÒ»´Î¶©ÔÄÊ±·µ»ØµÄÓÊ¼þÐÅÏ¢£»ºÃµÄÏ°¹ßÊÇ±£´æÕâÐ©ÓÊ¼þµ½¡°¶©ÔÄÊÕ¼þÏä¡±ÖÐÒÔ¹©ÒÔáá²Î¿¼¡£

×îÖøÃûµÄÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í¹ÜÀíÆ÷ÓÐ majordomo, listserv, listproc ºÍ smartlist¡£majordomo ÊÇ×îÁ÷ÐÐµÄ¡£Ïà¹ØÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÒÔ²Î¿¼ \nameurl{http://www.catalog.com/vivian/mailing-list-software.html}{list} ¡£

¹Øì¶ÓÊ¼þÁÐ±í¹ÜÀíÆ÷¸ü¶àµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬²Î¿¼ \nameurl{http://www.greatcircle.com/list-managers/}{List-Managers Mailing List}£¬




\subsection{ÓÊ¼þ¹ýÂË}

\idx{mail filter} ÊÇÒ»¸öÔÚÄãÓë±¾µØÍ¶µÝ´úÀíÖ®¼äµÄ³ÌÐò£¬ÔÚÄã¿´µ½ÓÊ¼þÖ®Ç°×Ô¶¯·¢ËÍ»ò¾Ü¾øÓÊ¼þ¡£

ÓÊ¼þ¹ýÂËÓÐÐí¶àÓÃ·¨¡£×îÖØÒªµÄÊÇ¹ã¸æ¹ýÂË£¬¸ù¾ÝÖ÷Ìâ»ò·¢ËÍÕßÍ¶µÝÓÊ¼þµ½¶à¸öÊÕ¼þÏä£¬×Ô¶¯»Ø¸´ÓÊ¼þ¡£

µäÐÍµØ£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÍ¨¹ýÔÚÄãµÄ .forward ÎÄ¼þÖÐ·ÅÖÃÒ»¸ö¹ýÂË³ÌÐò±ðÃû²¢ÇÒÐ´Ò»¸ö¹ýÂË¹æÔòµÄÎÄ¼þÀ´ÉèÖÃÓÊ¼þ¹ýÂË¡£¹ýÂË¹æÔòÎÄ¼þµÄ¸ñÊ½ºÍÎ»ÖÃÔÚ²»Í¬µÄ¹ýÂË³ÌÐòÖ®¼äÊÇ²»Í¬µÄ¡£

ÔÚ Chris Lewis's Email Software Survey µÄ \nameurl{http://www.faqs.org/faqs/mail/setup/unix/part3/index.html}{part 3} ÓÐ¹Øì¶Èý¸ö×îÖ÷ÒªµÄÓÊ¼þ¹ýÂË³ÌÐò(procmail, mailagent ºÍ deliver)µÄÌØµãÒªÃèÊö¡£ÆäÖÐ×îÁ÷ÐÐµÄÊÇ procmail£¬¾¡¹ÜËüµÄ¹æÔò¾ä·¨·Ç³£ÄÑÓÃ¡£procmail ÔÚ Linux ÖÐÆÕ±é¶¼ÓÐÌá¹©£¬²¢ÇÒ×÷ÎªÏµÍ³±¾µØÍ¶µÝ´úÀíÊ¹ÓÃ¡£




\subsection{Coping with spam}

Spam ÓÐÊ±±»³ÆÎª 'UCE' (Unsolicited Commercial Email) »ò 'UBE' (Unsolicited Bulk Email)¡£¸ù¾ÝÃû×ÖµÄ°µÊ¾£¬ÄãÓ¦¸ÃÄÜÃ÷°×Ö¸µÄÊÇÌÖÑáµÄ¹ã¸æÓÊ¼þ¡£(ÊõÓï 'spam' À´×Ôì¶Ò»¸ö Monty Python µÄ·ÉÐÐÂíÏ·ÍÅÐ¦»°£¬Ò»Èºº£µÁ²»Í£µØ³ªÖø "Spam spam spam ...")



Ðí¶à spam ÓÉ½ð×ÖËþÐÍµÄÓÕ»ó¡¢É«ÇéÃèÐ´»òÕßÊÇÄÕÈËµÄÍÆÏú×é³É¡£ÉÙÊý spam (±ÈÈç¿ìËÙ×¬Ç®µÈ)ÒÑ¾­Ïàµ±ÎÈ¹Ì¡£Spam Ç÷Ïòì¶Èß³¤ºÍÎÞÖª¡£ÕâÊÇÊ±¼äµÄÀË·ÑºÍÍøÂç´ø¿íµÄ¾Þ´óÏû·Ñ¡£



spam ÔÚ1997ÄêÖÐÆÚÏàµ±Á÷ÐÐ£¬ÆäááÓÐËù¼õÈõ£¬µ«ÈÔÈ»ÊÇÒ»¸öÏàµ±ÌÖÑáµÄÊÂÇé¡£
Èç¹ûÄãÕý±» spam ËùÑÍÃ»£¬Çë²éÔÄ \nameurl{http://spam.abuse.net/}{Fight Spam on the Internet!}¡£ \nameurl{http://www.mindworkshop.com/alchemy/nospam.html}{Death To Spam!} Ö÷Ò³ÓÐ¹Øì¶×èÖ¹ spam Ïàµ±ÓÐÐ§·½·¨µÄ½éÉÜ¡£




\section{ÆäËüÐÅÏ¢×ÊÔ´}

   


\subsection{USENET}

ÓÐÐí¶à¹Øì¶µç×ÓÓÊ¼þ¼¼ÊõÌÖÂÛµÄÐÂÎÅ×é£º

\begin{itemize}
\item \onlynameurl{comp.mail.elm}
the ELM mail system.
\item \onlynameurl{comp.mail.mh}
The Rand Message Handling system.
\item \onlynameurl{comp.mail.mime}
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions.
\item \onlynameurl{comp.mail.misc}
General discussions about computer mail.
\item \onlynameurl{comp.mail.multi-media}
Multimedia Mail.
\item \onlynameurl{comp.mail.mush}
The Mail User's Shell (MUSH).
\item \onlynameurl{comp.mail.sendmail}
the BSD sendmail agent.
\item \onlynameurl{comp.mail.smail}
the smail mail agent.
\item \onlynameurl{comp.mail.uucp}
Mail in the uucp environment.
\end{itemize}





\subsection{Êé¼®}

   
ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»Ð©ÓÐÓÃµÄÊé¡£¡£¡£

\begin{itemize}
\item ``{\itshape Sendmail\/}" from O'Reilly and Associates ÊÇ¹Øì¶ sendmail-v8 ºÍ sendmail+IDA µÄ×îÈ¨ÍþµÄ²Î¿¼¡£ËüÊÇËùÓÐÏëÀí½â sendmail ÓÖ²»ÏëÔÚ´¦Àí¹ý³ÌÖÐÍ·ÆÆÑªÁ÷µÄÈËµÄ±Ø±¸²Î¿¼Êé¡£
\item "{\itshape The Internet Complete Reference\/}" from Osborne ÊÇÒ»±¾ºÜºÃµÄ²Î¿¼Êé£¬ÃèÊöÁË»¥ÁªÍøÉÏÐí¶à¿ÉÓÃ×ÊÔ´£¬²¢ÇÒÓÐÐí¶à¹Øì¶ÐÂÎÅ¡¢ÓÊ¼þµÈ·½ÃæµÄÐÅÏ¢¡£
\item "{\itshape The Linux Networking Administrators' Guide\/}" from Olaf Kirch of the LDP ÔÚÍøÂçÉÏ¿ÉÒÔÕÒµ½²¢ÇÒÒ²ÓÉ O'Reilly and SSC ³ö°æ¡£½²ÊöÁË¹Øì¶UnixÍøÂçËùÐèÒªÕÆÎÕµÄËùÓÐÖªÊ¶¡£
\end{itemize}





\subsection{ÐÂÎÅÆÚ¿¯}

ÖµµÃÌá¼°µÄÊÇ Chris LewisµÄ periodic posting on unix e-mail software£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚ \nameurl{ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.mail.misc}{} ÕÒÃû×ÖÏó ``UNIX\_Email\_Software\_Survey\_*''¡£  
ÓÐÒ»¸ö HTML °æ±¾ÔÚ \nameurl{http://www.faqs.org/faqs/mail/setup/unix/}{http://www.faqs.org/faqs/mail/setup/unix/}¡£




\subsection{Where {\itshape NOT\/} to look for help}

Ïà¶Ôì¶ÆäËüµÄ Unix ¶øÑÔ£¬LinuxÏÂ¹Øì¶ÅäÖÃºÍÔËÐÐÓÊ¼þÏµÍ³Ã»ÓÐÊ²÷áÌØÊâµÄµØ·½¡£Òò´Ë£¬ÄãµÄÈ·Ã»ÓÐ±ØÒªÔÚ comp.os.linux.* ÐÂÎÅ×é·¢²¼¹Øì¶ÆÕÍ¨ÓÊ¼þÏà¹ØµÄÎÊÌâ¡£

³ý·ÇÄã·¢²¼µÄÊÇÕæÕý Linux Ïà¹ØÎÊÌâ (ÀýÈç£¬ 'please tell me what routers are already compiled into the SLS1.03 version of smail3.1.28')£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚÒÔÉÏÌáµ½µÄÐÂÎÅ×éÖ®Ò»·¢²¼ÄãµÄÎÊÌâ¡£

ÈÃÎÒÖØ¸´Ò»±é¡£

Ã»ÓÐÀíÓÉÔÚ comp.os.linux ²ã´ÎÉÏµÄÐÂÎÅ×é·¢²¼ÈÎºÎÓÊ¼þÏà¹ØµÄÎÊÌâ¡£ÔÚ comp.mail.* ²ã´ÎÉÏµÄÐÂÎÅ×éÓÐ¹Øì¶Äã{\itshape ËùÓÐ\/}ÎÊÌâµÄ´ð°¸¡£

{\itshape Èç¹ûÄãÔÚ comp.os.linux.* ÉÏ·¢²¼·Ç Linux Ïà¹ØµÄÎÊÌâ£¬Äã½«ÔÚ´íÎóµÄµØ·½µÈ´ý°ïÖú¡£µç×ÓÓÊ¼þ×¨¼Ò¶¼ÔÚÒÔÉÏÌáµ½µÄÐÂÎÅ×éÖÐ£¬¶øÍ¨³£²»ÔÚ Linux ÐÂÎÅ×éÖÐ¡£\/}

{\itshape ÔÚ Linux ²ã´ÎÖÐ·¢²¼·Ç Linux Ïà¹ØÎÊÌâÀË·ÑÄãºÍËùÓÐÈËµÄÊ±¼ä...²¢ÇÒÍ¨³£¶¼»áµ¢ÎóÄã½â¾öÄãµÄÎÊÌâ¡£\/}




\section{Ã¿ÌìÖØ¸´ÐÔµÄÓÊ¼þ´¦Àí¹¤×÷}




\subsection{»Ø¸´}

   
(±¾½ÚÓÉ Vince ±àÐ´£¬µ«ÎÒµÄ¹ÛµãÓëËûÒ»ÖÂ)

ÎÒÏ²»¶¹Øì¶±¾ÎÄµÄÈÎºÎ¿Ï¶¨µÄ»ò·ñ¶¨µÄ»Ø¸´¡£Èç¹ûÄã·¢ÏÖ´íÎó»ò¾õµÃ±¾ÎÄÈß³¤ÇëÖ±½ÓÁªÏµÎÒ¡£

ÎÒ»á¿´ËùÓÐÊÕµ½µÄÓÊ¼þ£¬µ«²»±£Ö¤Ò»¶¨»Ø¸´£¬ÕâÈ¡¾öì¶¿Õ¡õµÄÊ±¼ä¡¢ÇëÇóµÄ¼ÛÖµÒÔ¼°Ã¿ÌìµÄÑªÑ¹ :-)

¹ý¶àµÄ´òÈÅ½«±»ËÍÍù /dev/null ¡£

In particular, the Linux filesystem standard for pathnames is an evolving
thing.  What's in this document is there for illustration only based on the
current standard at the time that part of the document was written and in
the paths used in the distributions or `kits' I've personally seen.  Please
consult your particular Linux distribution(s) for the paths they use.

Feedback concerning the actual format of the document should go to the HOWTO
coordinator - mail to \nameurl{mailto:linux-howto@metalab.unc.edu}{linux-howto@metalab.unc.edu}).




\subsection{°æÈ¨ÐÅÏ¢}

   
The Mail-HOWTO is copyrighted (c)1999 Eric S. Raymond.  Copyright is
retained for the purpose of enforcing the Linux Documentation Project
license terms.

A verbatim copy may be reproduced or distributed in any medium physical or
electronic without permission of the author.  Translations are similarly
permitted without express permission if it includes a notice on who translated
it.

Short quotes may be used without prior consent by the author.  Derivative work
and partial distributions of the Mail-HOWTO must be accompanied with either a
verbatim copy of this file or a pointer to the verbatim copy.

Commercial redistribution is allowed and encouraged; however, the
maintainer would appreciate being notified of any such distributions
(as a courtesy).

In short, we wish to promote dissemination of this information through as many
channels as possible. However, we do wish to retain copyright on the HOWTO
documents.

We further want that {\itshape all\/} information provided in the HOWTOS
is disseminated.  If you have questions, please contact the Linux
HOWTO coordinator, at {\ttfamily linux-howto@metalab.unc.edu}.




\subsection{Standard Disclaimer}

   
Of course, we disavow any potential liability for the contents of this
document.  Use of the concepts, examples, and/or other content of this
document is entirely at your own risk.




\subsection{¸ÐÐ»}

This was originally authored by Vince Skahan.  I have rewritten it for
the modern ISP-centric world in which UUCP is little more than a
memory.

In May 1999, the name was changed from "The Linux Electronic Mail HOWTO" to
avoid a collision with Guylhem Aznar's Mail HOWTO, which will become
the Mail Administrator HOWTO.

\end{document}
