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\title{LILO, Linux Crash Rescue HOW-TO ÖÐÒë°æ}
\author{×÷Õß£ºAl Dev (Alavoor Vasudevan)        \onlynameurl{alavoor[AT]@yahoo.com}\\ 
        ÒëÕß£º»Æ¹úÎ°       \onlynameurl{u4561055@cc.ncu.edu.tw}}
\date{v10.8, 25 Jan 2003  ·­ÒëÈÕÆÚ£º04 Feb 2003}
\abstract{Õâ·ÝÎÄ¼þÌ½ÌÖ´Ó Linux ÏµÍ³µ±»úÖÐ»Ø¸´µÄ·½·¨¡£Ôì³É Linux ÏµÍ³µ±»úµÄ¸÷ÖÖÔ­Òò¿ÉÄÜÊÇ - LILO »ÙËð¡¢ linux ÎÞ·¨¿ª»ú¡¢ Ó²µúÖ÷¿ª»ú¼ÇÂ¼(Master Boot Record, MBR)Ëð»µ¡¢»òÊÇ°²×°ÆäËû×÷ÒµÏµÍ³ÀýÈç Windows NT ¶ø½« LILO »ò MBR ¸ÇÐ´µôËùÔì³É linux ÎÞ·¨¿ª»ú¡£}


\begin{document}
\maketitle
\tableofcontents

\section{¼ò½é}

{\bfseries (´ËÎÄ¼þµÄ×îÐÂ°æ±¾Î»ì¶
\nameurl{http://www.milkywaygalaxy.freeservers.com}{}¡£
Äú¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÄÇÀïµÃµ½°æ±¾µÄ±ä¶¯ÇéÐÎ¡£)}

ÄúÎÞ·¨±ÜÃâÒâÍâµÄ·¢Éú£»Èç¹ûÒâÍâ·¢ÉúÔÚ linux ÏµÍ³£¬
Õâ¿ÉÄÜ»áËðº¦µ½Ó²µúÖ÷¿ª»ú¼ÇÂ¼ (MBR) »òÊÇ LILO (Linux boot Loader)¡£
µ± linux ÓÉì¶Ó²µú¹ÊÕÏ¶øµ¼ÖÂÎÞ·¨¿ª»úÊ±£¬ÒâÍâ¾Í»á·¢Éú¡£
¼ÙÈçÄú²»Ð¡ÐÄÖØÐÂ»®·Ö´Åµú£¬»òÊÇÔÚ linux ÏµÍ³µÄµçÄÔÉÏ°²×°ÆäËû×÷ÒµÏµÍ³£¬
ÀýÈç£ºWindows 98/NT£¬LILO Ò²¿ÉÄÜ»áÊ§Ð§¡£

Õâ·ÝÎÄ¼þ¸øÄúÒ»Ð©½¨Òé¡¢ÃØ¾÷¡¢ºÍ¿ìËÙµÄÖ¸ÒýÀ´¿ìËÙ»Ø¸´ÏµÍ³£¬
¶ø²»±Ø·ÑÐÄµØÑÐ¶ÁÉÏ°ÙÒ³ÓÐ¹Ø LILO »ò Linux µÄÎÄ¼þ¡£










\subsection{Ð¡ÐÍÈíµú Linux ÏµÍ³ \label{tiny}}

ÎªÁË»Ø¸´ÈÎºÎ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³Èç Windows 95/NT/2000¡¢OS/2¡¢BeOS¡¢»ò Linux£¬
Äú¿ÉÄÜÐèÒª×°ÔÚÒ»Æ¬ÈíµúÆ¬µÄÐ¡ÐÍ linux ÏµÍ³¡£
Çë²Î¿¼ÒÔÏÂËùÁÐ³öµÄÐ¡ÐÍÈíµú linux ÏµÍ³ -
\begin{itemize}
\item  ×î¼Ñ \nameurl{http://www.toms.net/~toehser/rb}{Tomsrtbt}
\item  ´Î¼ÑµÄÈíµú linux ÏµÍ³ \nameurl{http://sunsite.dk/mulinux}{MuLinux}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.trinux.org}{Trinux}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.wu-wien.ac.at/usr/h93/h9301726/dlx.html}{DLX}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.zelow.no/floppyfw}{FloppyFW}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.psychosis.com/linux-router}{Linux Router Proejct floppy}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.txdirect.net/users/mdfranz/tinux.html}{Tiny Linux distributions}
\item  \nameurl{http://tiny.seul.org/en}{TINYLinux}
\end{itemize}







\subsection{Ð¡ÐÍ CDROM Linux ÏµÍ³ \label{tinycdrom}}

\begin{itemize}
\item  Linuxcare Bootable Toolbox \nameurl{http://lbt.linuxcare.com}{}
\item  LNX-BBC \nameurl{http://lnxbbc.org}{}
\item  Tom's Root and Boot "the most GNU/Linux on one floppy disk"
\nameurl{http://www.toms.net/rb}{}
\item  "Innominate-Linux-Rescue-System" - a CD-based rescue system 
\nameurl{http://innominate.org/projects/rescueCD}{}
\item  Irish Linux Users Group (ILUG) BBC: A bootable CD ISO 
\nameurl{ftp://ftp.blackstar.co.uk/pub/ILUG/}{}
\item  Lubbock: Meant to be the "Tom's Root Boot" of CDs \nameurl{http://lubbock.sourceforge.net}{}
\item  Repairlix: a networked Linux distribution/bootable system intended to
fit in 12MB of media. \nameurl{http://repairlix.sourceforge.net}{}
\item  SuperRescue: a Red Hat-based bootable CD 
\nameurl{http://www.kernel.org/pub/dist/superrescue}{}
\item  Timo's Rescue CD Set: an easy way of generating el Torito Boot Cd's 
\nameurl{http://rescuecd.sourceforge.net}{}
\end{itemize}











\section{µ±»ú»Ø¸´\label{crash}}










\subsection{×¼±¸¹¤×÷½¨Òé \label{tips}}

ÔÚÄúÊ¹ÓÃÏÂ¸öÕÂ½ÚµÄ Tomsrtbt Èíµú»òÊ¹ÓÃ RedHat ¿ª»ú¹âµú
(Ê¹ÓÃ¾ÈÔ®Ñ¡Ïî) µÇÈëÖ®áá£¬
Äú×îºÃÏÈ±¸·ÖÖØÒªµÄÏµÍ³µµ°¸£¬Ïñ /etc/fstab¡¢/etc/lilo.conf¡£
Èç´ËÔÚµ±»úÊ±»òÏµÍ³µµ°¸·¢ÉúÎÊÌâÊ±ÊÇ¡¢»îB¡õB³þ£ûBBBíÍÒ°¡õÂúC
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.orig
bash# cp /etc/lilo.con   etc/lilo.c£¬£¬£¬.orig
bash# cp /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.orig
bash# cp /etc/hosts.allow /etc/hosts.allow.orig
bash# cp /etc/hosts.deny /etc/hosts.deny.orig
bash# cp /etc/inetd.conf /etc/inetd.conf.orig
bash# cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab.orig
bash# cp /etc/networks /etc/networks.orig
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}









\subsection{Ê¹ÓÃ Linux ¹âµúµÄ¾ÈÔ®Ä£Ê½}

´ó²¿·ÝµÄ Linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÏñÊÇ RedHat¡¢SUSE¡¢Debian£¬
½ÔÓÐÌá¹©¾ßÓÐ¾ÈÔ®¹¦ÄÜµÄ¹âµú¡£
ÄúÓ¦µ±Éè¶¨µçÄÔµÄ BIOS £¬Ê¹µçÄÔÄÜÒÔ IDE ¹âµú»úÎªµÚÒ»¿ª»ú×°ÖÃ£¬ÒÔ±ãÊ¹ÓÃÕâÀà¹âµú¡£
Éè¶¨ BIOS Ê± (ÔÚ¿ª»úÊ±°´ F8 ¼ü)£¬ÒÔ¹âµú»úÎªµÚÒ»¿ª»ú×°ÖÃ£»
Èíµú»úÎªµÚ¶þ¿ª»ú×°ÖÃ£»Ó²µúÎªµÚÈý¿ª»ú×°ÖÃ¡£
½« Linux ¹âµúÆ¬·ÅÈë¹âµú»ú£¬²¢ÖØ¿ª»ú¡£
Linux Ì×¼þ½«»á±»¶ÁÈ¡¡£ÔÚÌáÊ¾·ûºÅ (prompt) ÏÂÑ¡Ôñ¡¸¾ÈÔ®²Ù×÷¡¹¡£
ÔÚ¾ÈÔ®²Ù×÷Ä£Ê½ÏÂ£¬¹ÒÉÏ (mount) Ó²µú²¢³¢ÊÔÐÞ¸´Ëü¡£
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
# chroot /mnt/SYSIMAGE
# df
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

Ê¹ÓÃ chroot áá£¬Õû¸öÏµÍ³¿´ÆðÀ´¾ÍÏñÊÇ´ÓÓ²µú¿ª»úÒ»Ñù¡£
Äú¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½Ó²µúÉÏµÄËùÓÐ·Ö¸îÇø£¬²¢ÇÒ¿ÉÒÔÐÞ¸´»ò»Ø¸´µµ°¸¡£




\subsection{»Ø¸´ÏµÍ³µÄ¿ìËÙ²½Öè}

Ñ­ÖøÕâÐ©²½ÖèÖ´ÐÐ£¬ÒÔ±ã´Ó LILO »òÏµÍ³µ±»úÖÐ»Ø¸´¡£

\begin{enumerate}
\item  {\bfseries ×´¿ö 1£º} ¼ÙÈçÏµÍ³ÎÞ·¨¿ª»ú -
È¡µÃ²¢½¨Á¢ tomsrtbt ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬ \nameurl{http://www.toms.net/rb}{}£¬
»ò MuLinux ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬ (Çë²Î¿¼ \ref{tiny} {(Tiny Linux)})¡£
²¢Ê¹ÓÃ tomsrtbt ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬¿ª»ú¡£
Ê¹ÓÃ fdisk Ö¸ÁîÕÒ³ö·Ö¸îÇø(partitions)¡£
ÊÔÖøÕÒ³ö root ºÍ boot ·Ö¸îÇø¡£×¢Òâ£¡
root ·Ö¸îÇø×Ô¼ºÐèÓµÓÐ /boot µµ°¸¡£

Linux µÄ root ·Ö¸îÇø°üº¬ÏÂÁÐ×ÊÁÏ¼Ð
{\bfseries bin},
{\bfseries boot},
{\bfseries etc},
{\bfseries usr}.

Linux µÄ boot ·Ö¸îÇøÔò°üº¬ÒÔÏÂµÄ×ÊÁÏ¼Ð£º
{\bfseries vmlinuz},
{\bfseries boot.b},
{\bfseries chain.b},
{\bfseries map}.

Ê¹ÓÃÒÔÏÂ²½ÖèÕÒ³ö root ·Ö¸îÇø£º
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# fdisk /dev/hda
Command (m for help): m         (ÏÔÊ¾Ö¸ÁîµÄ¸¨ÖúÑ¡µ¥)
Command (m for help): p         (ÁÐ³öÓ²µú·Ö¸îÇø)
Command (m for help): q
bash# mkdir /test
bash# mount /dev/hda1 /test
bash# ls /test
ÄúÓ¦¸Ã»á¿´µ½ root ·Ö¸îÇøÏÔÊ¾ÈçÏÂ -
bin   fd    lib   mnt  proc  sbin  usr
boot  dev   etc   home  lost+found  opt  root  tmp   var
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

Èç¹û´Ë·Ö¸îÇø²¢·Ç root ·Ö¸îÇø£¬ÊÔÊÔÏÂ¸ö·Ö¸îÇø /dev/hda2 ¡£
³ÖÐø¡õÊÔ hda3, hda4, hda5 µÈ£¬Ö±µ½ÕÒ³ö root ·Ö¸îÇøÎªÖ¹¡£
Èç¹ûÄúÔÚ {\bfseries hda} ÉÏÃ»ÓÐÕÒµ½ root ·Ö¸îÇø£¬
ÔòÖØ¸²ÒÔÉÏ²½ÖèÑ°ÕÒÆäËûÓ²µú£¬ÏñÊÇ {\bfseries hdb}¡¢{\bfseries hdc}¡¢{\bfseries hdd}µÈ¡£

½ÓÏÂÀ´ÄúÓ¦ÕÒ³ö /boot¡¢/usr¡¢ºÍ /var ·Ö¸îÇø¡£
ÔÚ½¨Á¢ÐÂµÄ lilo ÅäÖÃÊ±£¬ÕâÐ©·Ö¸îÇøµÄÎ»ÖÃÊÇ±ØÐèµÄ¡£

ÒÔÎÒµÄÏµÍ³ÎªÀý£¬root ·Ö¸îÇøÊÇÔÚ /dev/hda4£º
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# mkdir /rootpart
bash# mount /dev/hda4 /rootpart
bash# cat /rootpart/etc/fstab
        ÔÄ¶Á fstab µÄÄÚÈÝ£¬²¢ÇÒ°´ÕÕ fstab µµ°¸¹ÒÉÏ (mount) ·Ö¸îÇø¡£ÏñÏÂÃæÕâÑù -
bash# mount /dev/hda5 /rootpart/boot
bash# mount /dev/hda6 /rootpart/usr
bash# mount /dev/hda7 /rootpart/var
bash# mount /dev/hda8 /rootpart/opt
bash# mount /dev/hda9 /rootpart/root
bash# mount /dev/hda10 /rootpart/home
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

ÒÔÎÒµÄÏµÍ³ÎªÀý£¬°´ÕÕ fstab ËùÏÔÊ¾£¬hda5 ÊÇ {\bfseries boot}¡¢hda6 ÊÇ {\bfseries usr}£¬
hda7 ÊÇ {\bfseries var}¡¢hda8 ÊÇ {\bfseries opt}¡¢
hda9 ÊÇ {\bfseries root}¡¢hda10 ÊÇ {\bfseries home}¡¢¶ø hda11 ÊÇ windows95 (FAT16 ·Ö¸îÇø)¡£

±à¼­ /etc/fstab (²»ÊÇ /rootpart/etc/fstab) ²¢ÇÒ¼ÓÈë(ÒÔÏÂ³ÌÊ½Âë¡õÀý)
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
        /dev/hda4  /rootpart           ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda5  /rootpart/boot      ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda6  /rootpart/usr       ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda7  /rootpart/var       ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda8  /rootpart/opt       ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda9  /rootpart/root      ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda10 /rootpart/home      ext2 defaults 1 1
        /dev/hda11 /rootpart/win95part vfat defaults 1 1

ÔÚÎÒµÄµçÄÔÖÐ£¬hda4 Îª linux µÄ root ·Ö¸îÇø¡¢hda5 Îª boot ·Ö¸îÇø¡¢
hda11 ÔòÎª windows 95 µÄ vfat ÏµÍ³¡£

bash# mkdir /rootpart/win95part
bash# mount /rootpart/win95part
        Ê¹ÓÃ fsck »ò e2fsck Ö¸ÁîÐÞ¸´ÓÐÎÊÌâµÄ·Ö¸îÇø¡£
bash# man fsck
bash# man e2fsck
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}




\item  {\bfseries ×´¿ö 2£º} Èç¹û LILO ÊÇÎÞÐ§µÄ..
ÒÀÕÕ×´¿ö 1 µÄ²½ÖèÀ´ÅÅ³ýÎÊÌâ¡£Èç¹ûÎÞ·¨½â¾ö£¬Ôò²ÎÕÕÒÔÏÂ²½Öè¡£
ÔÚÖ´ÐÐ×´¿ö 1 µÄ²½ÖèÖ®áá£¬ÄúÓ¦¸ÃÒÑ¾­¹ÒÔØÉÏ /rootpart
²¢ÇÒÒÑ¾­½¨Á¢ºÃ /etc/fstab µµ°¸¡£

×¢Òâ£ºÔÚ½øÐÐÒÔÏÂ²½ÖèÊ±£¬¹Û²ì chroot ÈçºÎÔË×÷ÊÇºÜÖØÒªµÄ¡£
chroot ËùÊ¹ÓÃµÄ {\bfseries /sbin/lilo} µµ°¸µÄÕýÈ·Î»ÖÃÊÇÔÚ {\bfseries /rootpart/sbin/lilo}£¬
¶ø{\bfseries ²»ÊÇ}ÔÚ /sbin£¡£¡Òò´ËÇë²»Òª»ìÏý¡£
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# mount -a 
bash# chroot /rootpart /sbin/lilo -q
bash# man chroot
bash# chroot /rootpart /sbin/lilo 
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}


×¢Òâ£ºÊ¹ÓÃ chroot µÄÐÂÊÖ¿ÉÄÜ»á±»»ìÏý¡£Èç¹û chroot ±§Ô¹ËüÕÒ²»µ½ /boot/map µµ°¸£¬
ÕâÖÖÇéÐÎÊµ¼ÊÉÏ´ú±íÖøËüÎÞ·¨ÕÒµ½ /rootpart/boot/map¡£ÒòÎªÄúÊ¹ÓÃ /rootpart
µ±×÷ chroot µÄµÚÒ»ÒýÊý (first argument)£¬ËùÓÐµÄ»¯Éí (references) ¶¼Ö¸Ïò /rootpart¡£

ÄúÒ²¿ÉÒÔÑ¡ÔñÖ±½ÓÊ¹ÓÃ /sbin/lilo ÒÔ´úÌæ chroot¡£
lilo ¼ÓÑ¡Ïî -r Êµ¼ÊÉÏ¾ÍºÍ chroot Ö¸ÁîÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ¡£
{\bfseries Ç¿ÁÒ½¨Òé}ÄúÊ¹ÓÃ chroot£¬¶ø²»ÒªÊ¹ÓÃ lilo -r£¬
ÒòÎªÊ¹ÓÃ chroot ±È½Ï·½±ã£¬ÇÒ½ÏÈÝÒ×ÕÒ³ö´íÎó¡£
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# man lilo
bash# /sbin/lilo -r /rootpart
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}




\item  {\bfseries ×´¿ö 3£º} Èç¹û LILO ÊÇÎÞÐ§µÄ..
Èç¹ûÊ¹ÓÃ×´¿ö 1 ºÍ×´¿ö 2 µÄ²½Öè¾ùÎÞ·¨½â¾ö£¬
¼ÙÈçÄúÓÐÊ¹ÓÃ 'mkbootdisk' ÖÆ×÷¹ý¿ª»úÆ¬(ì¶°²×°Ê±»ò²Î¿¼
'man mkbootdisk'×ÔÐÐ½¨Á¢)£¬ÔòÊ¹ÓÃÄúµÄ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬À´¿ª»ú²¢ÐÞ¸´·Ö¸îÇø¡£
mkbootdisk ´æÔÚì¶ mkbootdisk*.rpm µÄÌ×¼þ£¬Äú±ØÐë°²×°Ëü¡£
(Òë×¢£ºËæ²»Í¬·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¶øÓÐËù²îÒì£»ÇëÇ¢Ñ¯ÄúµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ³§ÉÌ»ò×éÖ¯)
»òÕß´Ó \nameurl{http://www.bootdisk.com/}{} È¡µÃ Linux/NT/Windows/DOS/Mac µÄ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬¡£
ÆäËûÑ¡Ôñ - ÕÒ Linux °²×°¹âµúÀ´Ê¹ÓÃ¡£
Ã¿¸ö Linux Ì×¼þ»áÔÚ¹âµúÀïÌá¹©¾ÈÔ®´ÅÆ¬µÄ image file£¬ÔÚ Linux »·¾³ÏÂ£¬¼üÈë
"dd if=/cdrom/disks/rescue of=/dev/fd0" À´½¨Á¢¾ÈÔ®´ÅÆ¬¡£ÔÚ DOS »·¾³ÏÂ£¬
Ê¹ÓÃ rawrite.exe (°üº¬ÔÚ Linux ¹âµúÀï)£¬¼üÈë "rawrite image-name a:"
À´½¨Á¢¾ÈÔ®´ÅÆ¬¡£





\item  {\bfseries ×´¿ö 4£º} Èç¹ûÒÔÉÏ×´¿ö 1¡¢2¡¢3 µÄ²½Öè½ÔÎÞ·¨½â¾öÎÊÌâ£¬ÇÒÄúÒ²Ã»ÓÐ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬
¼ÙÈçÄúÓÐÆäËû linux ÏµÍ³µÄµçÄÔ£¬ÒÔ root Éí·ÝµÇÈë²¢ÇÒÖ´ÐÐ -

×¢Òâ£ºÈç¹ûÄú±àÒëÄú×Ô¼ºµÄºËÐÄ(kernel)Îª bzImage (ÀýÈç bzImage-2.4.4)£¬
ÄúÓ¦µ±Ê¹ÓÃÒÔÏÂ·½·¨¶Ô vmlinuz-2.4.4 ½¨Á¢Ó²Á¬½á(hard link)¡£(×¢Òâ
vmlinuz µÄ z£¬¶ø·Ç vmlinux) Èç¹ûÄú²¢Î´×ö´Ë²½Öè£¬
Ôò mkbootdisk Ö¸Áî¿ÉÄÜ»áÊ§°Ü¡£
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# cd /boot
bash# ls -l vmlinuz*
bash# ln /boot/bzImage-2.4.4  /boot/vmlinuz-2.4.4
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

ÏÖÔÚÄúÒÑÓÐ bzImage ºÍ vmlinuz£¬Ö´ÐÐÏÂÁÐÖ¸Áî -
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash$ man mkbootdisk
bash# cp /etc/lilo.conf /etc/lilo-original.conf
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

±à¼­ /etc/lilo.conf ²¢½«ÄúÔÚ '×´¿ö 1' Ëù»ñµÃµÄ root
·Ö¸îÇø¸ñÊ½ÌîÈë£»Ö®áá²åÈë¿Õ°×´ÅµúÆ¬²¢Ö´ÐÐ -
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0 2.2.12-20
(Òë×¢£º2.2.12-20 ÎªºËÐÄ°æ±¾±àºÅ£¬Çë×ÔÐÐÒÀÕÕÄúµÄ linux ºËÐÄ°æ±¾×÷¸Ä±ä¡£)
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

mkbootdisk ´æÔÚì¶ mkbootdisk*.rpm µÄÌ×¼þ£¬Äú±ØÐë°²×°Ëü¡£
(Òë×¢£ºËæ²»Í¬·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¶øÓÐËù²îÒì£»ÇëÇ¢Ñ¯ÄúµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ³§ÉÌ»ò×éÖ¯)
Äú±ØÐëÈ·±£½« /etc/lilo-original.conf ¸ü¸Ä»ØÔ­À´µÄµµÃû /etc/lilo.conf!! 
ÔÙÒÔ´Ë¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬½øÐÐ×´¿ö 3 µÄ²½Öè¡£



\item  {\bfseries ×´¿ö 5: } ÕâÊÇ×î»µµÄÇé¿ö£¬Ï£ÍûÄú²»»á×ßµ½Õâ¸öµØ²½¡£
×´¿ö 1 µ½ 4 ÒÑ°üº¬ÁË¾ø´ó¶àÊýµÄ°¸Àý£¬µ«ÊÇÈç¹ûÁ¬×´¿ö
1¡¢2¡¢3¡¢ºÍ 4 µÄ²½Öè¶¼ÎÞ·¨½â¾ö -
{\itshape {\bfseries µÚÒ»²½£º }\/}
Ê¹ÓÃ tomsrtbt ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬¿ª»ú£¬
(Çë²Î¿¼ \ref{tiny} {(Tiny Linux)})
¹ÒÉÏ·Ö¸îÇø£¬
²¢ÇÒÊ¹ÓÃÒÔÏÂÖ¸Áî±¸·Ý root ·Ö¸îÇøÖÁÆäËû»¹ÓÐ´Åµú¿Õ¼äµÄ·Ö¸îÇø -
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
        ±à¼­ /etc/fstab ²¢ÇÒÐ´Èë(ÒÔÏÂµÄ³ÌÊ½Âë¡õÀý£¬
        Äú¿ÉÄÜ±ØÐë°´ÕÕÄúµÄ´Åµú»úÊµ¼Ê×´¿ö×÷¸Ä±ä) -
                /dev/hda4  /rootpart    ext2 defaults 1 1
                /dev/hda11 /b1          vfat defaults 1 1
bash$ mkdir /rootpart; mount /rootpart
bash$ mkdir /b1; mount /b1
bash$ cd /
bash$ df 
        ²é¿´ /b1 ÊÇ·ñÓÐ×ã¹»µÄ´Åµú¿Õ¼ä£¬ÒÔ±ãÊ¹ÓÃ tar À´±¸·Ý root ·Ö¸îÇø¡£
bash$ tar cvf /b1/root-hda4.tar   /rootpart
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}


{\itshape {\bfseries µÚ¶þ²½£º }\/}
·ÅÈë Linux ¹âµúÆ¬£¬ÖØ¿ª»ú²¢°²×° redhat linux 
(Òë×¢£º»ò°²×°ÆäËû linux ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ)
ÔÚ /dev/hda4 (µ«{\bfseries Ç§Íò²»Òª}°²×°ÈÎºÎ¶àâÅµÄÌ×¼þ£¬
ÄúÖ»ÐèÒª°²×° root¡¢boot ÏµÍ³£¬ºÍ LILO ¹ÜÀíÕß¡£
Ò²¾ÍÊÇËµ£¬Ñ¡Ôñ×îÐ¡°²×°¼´¿É)¡£ 
°²×°³ÌÊ½Ò²½«»á°²×° LILO ÔÚÄúµÄÓ²µúÀï¡£
ÏÖÔÚÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ linux£¬ÒÔ root Éí·ÝµÇÈë£¬²¢ÇÒÖ´ÐÐ -
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash$ man mkbootdisk
bash# cp /etc/lilo.conf /etc/lilo-original.conf
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

×¢Òâ£ºÄú{\bfseries ±ØÐë}¼ÇµÃ½« lilo-original.conf ¸´ÖÆ»Ø lilo.conf!!
±à¼­ /etc/lilo.conf ²¢½«ÄúÔÚ '×´¿ö 1' Ëù»ñµÃµÄ root
·Ö¸îÇø¸ñÊ½ÌîÈë£»Ö®áá²åÈë¿Õ°×´ÅµúÆ¬²¢Ö´ÐÐ -
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0 2.2.12-20
(Òë×¢£º2.2.12-20 ÎªºËÐÄ°æ±¾±àºÅ£¬Çë×ÔÐÐÒÀÕÕÄúµÄ linux ºËÐÄ°æ±¾×÷¸Ä±ä¡£)
bash# cp /etc/lilo-original.conf /etc/lilo.conf
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

²âÊÔ´Ë¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬£¬¼ìÊÓÆäÊÇ·ñÄÜÔË×÷£¬
²¢½«µÚÒ»²½ÖÐÀûÓÃ tar ×÷±¸·ÖµÄµµ°¸ /b1/root-hda4.tar »Ø¸´¡£
(Òë×¢£ºÄú¿ÉÊ¹ÓÃ tar xvf À´»Ø¸´¡£Ïê¼û tar manpage)

\end{enumerate}











\subsection{Ô¤·ÀÐÔ´ëÊ©}

ÄúÓ¦µ±²ÉÈ¡ÏÂÁÐµÄÔ¤·ÀÐÔ´ëÊ©À´´¦ÀíÎ´À´¿ÉÄÜ·¢ÉúµÄÎÊÌâ¡£

\begin{itemize}
\item  Äú{\bfseries Ò»¶¨Òª}Å¼¶ûÖÆ×÷¾ÈÔ®¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬£¬ÇÒÔÚÄú¸Ä±ä·Ö¸îÇøÊ±Ò»¶¨ÒªÖÆ×÷¡£
²åÈë¿Õ°×´ÅµúÆ¬²¢Ö´ÐÐ -
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash$ man mkbootdisk
mkbootdisk ´æÔÚì¶ mkbootdisk*.rpm µÄÌ×¼þ£¬Äú±ØÐë°²×°Ëü¡£
(Òë×¢£ºËæ²»Í¬·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¶øÓÐËù²îÒì£»ÇëÇ¢Ñ¯ÄúµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ³§ÉÌ»ò×éÖ¯)
bash$ mkbootdisk --help
bash$ mkbootdisk --device /dev/fd0 2.2.12-20
(Òë×¢£º2.2.12-20 ÎªºËÐÄ°æ±¾±àºÅ£¬Çë×ÔÐÐÒÀÕÕÄúµÄ linux ºËÐÄ°æ±¾×÷¸Ä±ä¡£)
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}



\item  Äú{\bfseries ±ØÐë}½«·Ö¸î±íÉè¶¨ (partition tables setup) ±¸·ÝÖÁ´ÅÆ¬ºÍÓ²µúÀï¡£
ÄúÒ²Ó¦½«´ËÉè¶¨ÁÐÓ¡²¢ÌùÖÁµçÄÔ»ú¿ÇÉÏ¡£
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash$ su - root
bash# man fdisk
bash# fdisk -l /dev/sda > partition_table_backup.txt
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

Èç¹ûÄúÐèÒªÖØÐÂ·Ö¸îÓ²µú£¬ÕâÑù×öÊÇ·Ç³£ÓÐ°ïÖúµÄ¡£
´ÓÁÐÓ¡³öÀ´µÄ·Ö¸î±í×ÊÁÏ£¬Äú½«»áÁË½â·Ö¸îÇø´ÅÖùµÄÆðÊ¼¡£
»Ø¸´ÏµÍ³Ê±£¬ÔÚÖØÐÂ·Ö¸îÓë¸ñÊ½»¯Ó²µúáá£¬Äú¿ÉÒÔÀûÓÃ±¸·Ý×ÊÁÏ»Ø¸´Ô­ÏÈµÄ·Ö¸îÉè¶¨¡£


\item ÄúÊÖ±ß±ØÐëÓµÓÐ tomsrtbt µÄ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬¡£Ïê¼û
\nameurl{http://www.toms.net/rb}{}
(Çë²Î¿¼ \ref{tiny} {(Tiny Linux)})


\item ÄúÊÖ±ß±ØÐëÓµÓÐ Yard ¾ÈÔ®ºÍ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬¡£Ïê¼û
\nameurl{http://www.linuxlots.com/~fawcett/yard}{}


\item  ±¸·Ö /root Óë /boot Ä¿Â¼¡£Ê¹ÓÃ Tomsrtbt ¿ª»ú´ÅÆ¬¿ª»ú£¬
(Çë²Î¿¼ \ref{tiny} {(Tiny Linux)})
²¢ÇÒÖ´ÐÐ 
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# vi /etc/fstab
¼ÓÈëÒÔÏÂÊýÐÐ -
                /dev/hda1 /a1 vfat defaults 1 1
                /dev/hdb1 /b1 vfat defaults 1 1
ÒÔÎÒµÄÏµÍ³ÎªÀý£¬ hda1 Îª linux Ö® root ·Ö¸îÇø '/'
bash# cd / 
bash# tar cvf /b1/linux-root-partition-hda1.tar  a1
bash# tar cvf /b1/linux-boot-partition-hda1.tar  a1/boot
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\end{itemize}











\subsection{ÒÆ³ý LILO}

Äú¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃ DOS Æô¶¯ÔØÈë³ÌÊ½(boot loader)ÔØÈëÆô¶¯´ÅÇø£¬²¢ÒÔÖ®È¡´ú LILO¡£
ÔÚ MS DOS ÌáÊ¾·ûºÅÏÂÊäÈëÒÔÏÂÖ¸Áî£º
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
        FDISK  /MBR
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

´Ë´¦µÄ MBR ´ú±í "Ó²µúÖ÷¿ª»ú¼ÇÂ¼(Master Boot Record)"¡£

Çë²Î¿¼ LILO ÎÄ¼þ£¬È¡µÃÆäËûÒÆ³ý LILO µÄ·½·¨£»ÕâÐ©ÎÄ¼þÍ¨³£·ÅÔÚ linux ÏµÍ³ÉÏµÄ
/usr/doc/lilo* (Òë×¢£º»òÕßÊÇ /usr/share/doc/lilo*)¡£Ò²Çë²Î¿¼ 'man lilo'¡£










\subsection{³£·¸´íÎó}

ÔÚÄú¸ü¸Ä /etc/lilo.conf Ö®áá£¬Äú{\bfseries ±ØÐëÖ´ÐÐ lilo }£¬Ê¹ÄúµÄ¸Ä±äÉúÐ§¡£
ÍüÁËÖ´ÐÐÊÇ linux ³õÑ§ÕßºÜ³£·¸µÄ´íÎó¡£Ö´ÐÐ -
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash# lilo -v -v -v
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}











\section{Ïà¹ØÍøÕ¾}

Çë²ÎÔÄÒÔÏÂÎ»Ö·£¬¿ÉÈ¡µÃ LILO¡¢Linux ¾ÈÔ®¡¢µ±»ú»Ø¸´µÄÏà¹Ø×ÊÑ¶ -
\begin{itemize}
\item  Mini Lilo HOWTO at \nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/LILO.html}{}
\item  Bootdisk-HOWTO at \nameurl{http://www.metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Bootdisk-HOWTO/index.html}{}


\item  Pre-made boot disks at \nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Bootdisk-HOWTO/}{}
\item  Boot disks for Linux/NT/Windows/DOS/Mac at \nameurl{http://www.bootdisk.com}{}
\item  Tomsrtbt boot floppy disk \nameurl{http://www.toms.net/rb}{}
(Çë²ÎÔÄ \ref{tiny} {(Tiny Linux)})
\item  Yard rescue and boot floppy disk
\nameurl{http://www.linuxlots.com/~fawcett/yard}{}


\item  BootPrompt-HOWTO at \nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/BootPrompt-HOWTO.html}{}
\item  Multiboot with LILO mini HOWTO at \nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/Multiboot-with-LILO.html}{}
\item  Linux+WinNT mini HOWTO at \nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/mini/Linux+WinNT.html}{}


\item  Linux goodies main site \nameurl{http://www.milkywaygalaxy.freeservers.com}{}
Ó³ÉäÕ¾ÈçÏÂ -
\nameurl{http://aldev0.webjump.com}{},
\nameurl{http://www.angelfire.com/country/aldev0}{angelfire},
\nameurl{http://www.geocities.com/alavoor/index.html}{geocities},
\nameurl{http://aldev0.virtualave.net}{virtualave},
\nameurl{http://aldev0.50megs.com}{50megs},
\nameurl{http://members.theglobe.com/aldev1/index.html}{theglobe},
\nameurl{http://members.nbci.com/alavoor}{NBCi},
\nameurl{http://aldev.terrashare.com}{Terrashare},
\nameurl{http://members.fortunecity.com/aldev}{Fortunecity},
\nameurl{http://aldev.freewebsites.com}{Freewebsites},
\nameurl{http://members.tripod.lycos.com/aldev}{Tripod},
\nameurl{http://members.spree.com/technology/aldev}{Spree},
\nameurl{http://www.escalix.com/freepage/aldev}{Escalix},
\nameurl{http://www.httpcity.com/aldev/index.html}{Httpcity},
\nameurl{http://aldev.freeservers.com}{Freeservers}.
\item  Vim color text editor for C++, C \nameurl{http://metalab.unc.edu/LDP/HOWTO/Vim-HOWTO.html}{}
\end{itemize}













\section{´Ë·ÝÎÄ¼þµÄÆäËû¸ñÊ½}

´Ë·ÝÎÄ¼þÊÇÒÔ 14 ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄ¸ñÊ½Ëù·¢ÐÐµÄ - DVI, Postscript, 
Latex, Adobe Acrobat PDF,
LyX, GNU-info, HTML, RTF(Rich Text Format), Plain-text, Unix man pages, single 
HTML file, SGML (Linuxdoc format), SGML (Docbook format), MS WinHelp format.

´Ë·Ý howto ÎÄ¼þÊÇÔÚ -
\begin{itemize}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org}{} °´ÏÂ HOWTOs Á¬½á£¬
²¢ÇÒÔÚÍøÒ³ä¯ÀÀÆ÷ÉÏÊ¹ÓÃ CTRL+F »ò ALT+f À´ËÑÑ° howto ÎÄ¼þÃû³Æ¡£
\end{itemize}


ÄúÒ²¿É´ÓÒÔÏÂµÄÓ³ÉäÕ¾ÕÒµ½´Ë·ÝÎÄ¼þ -
\begin{itemize}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.caldera.com/LDP/HOWTO}{}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.linux.ucla.edu/LDP}{}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.cc.gatech.edu/linux/LDP}{}
\item  \nameurl{http://www.redhat.com/mirrors/LDP}{}
\item  ÆäËû½Ï¿¿½üÄúµÄÓ³ÉäÕ¾ (ÍøÖ·ÖÇ»Û±æÊ¶£¬network-address-wise) ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ´ËÕÒµ½
\nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/mirrors.html}{}
Ñ¡ÔñÒ»¸öÓ³ÉäÕ¾£¬²¢ÇÒ½øÈëÄ¿Â¼ /LDP/HOWTO/xxxxx-HOWTO.html
\end{itemize}




\begin{itemize}
\item Äú¿ÉÒÔ´ÓÏÂÁÐÁ¬½áµÃµ½ HTML¡¢DVI¡¢Postscript¡¢»ò SGML ¸ñÊ½µÄ
HOWTO ÎÄ¼þµ¥Ò» tar ball µµ°¸ -
\nameurl{ftp://www.linuxdoc.org/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/other-formats/}{}
Óë \nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/docs.html#howto}{}


\item ´¿ÎÄ×Ö¸ñÊ½ÊÇÔÚ£º \nameurl{ftp://www.linuxdoc.org/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO}{}
Óë \nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/docs.html#howto}{}


\item Single HTML µµ°¸¸ñÊ½ÊÇÔÚ£º 
\nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/docs.html#howto}{}
 Single HTML µµ°¸¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃÏÂÁÐÖ¸ÁîÀ´½¨Á¢ (²Î¼û man sgml2html) - 
sgml2html -split 0   xxxxhowto.sgml



\item ÆäËûÓïÑÔÖ®ÎÄ¼þ·­Òë£¬ÏñÊÇ·¨ÎÄ¡¢µÂÎÄ¡¢Î÷°àÑÀÎÄ¡¢ 
ÖÐÎÄ¡¢ÈÕÎÄµÈÊÇÔÚ
\nameurl{ftp://www.linuxdoc.org/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO}{}
Óë \nameurl{http://www.linuxdoc.org/docs.html#howto}{}
»¶Ó­Äú°ïÃ¦·­Òë³ÉÆäËûÓïÑÔµÄ°æ±¾¡£
\end{itemize}

´Ë·ÝÎÄ¼þÊÇÒÔ "SGML-Tools" ¹¤¾ßÈíÌåËù×«Ð´µÄ£¬Äú¿ÉÒÔÔÚÏÂÃæµÄÁ¬½áµÃµ½´ËÈíÌå -
\nameurl{http://www.sgmltools.org}{}
Äú¿ÉÊ¹ÓÃÒÔÏÂÖ¸Áî±àÒëÔ­Ê¼µµ£¬ÀýÈç£º
\begin{itemize}
\item sgml2html xxxxhowto.sgml     (»ñÈ¡ html µµ°¸)
\item sgml2html -split 0   xxxxhowto.sgml (»ñÈ¡ single page html µµ°¸)
\item sgml2rtf  xxxxhowto.sgml     (»ñÈ¡ RTF µµ°¸ )
\item sgml2latex xxxxhowto.sgml    (»ñÈ¡ latex µµ°¸)
\end{itemize}


(Òë×¢£ºÖÐÒë°æÊ¹ÓÃÕßÇëÖÁ ftp.linux.org.tw/pub/CLDP/src ÏÂÔØ
zh-sgmltools-1.x-x.tar.gz ²¢°²×°Ö®£¬ÔÙÒÔ bg5sgml2html¡¢bg5sgml2rtf¡¢
bg5sgml2latex »ò gbsgml2html¡¢gbsgml2rtf¡¢gbsgml2latex
Ö¸Áî±àÒëÔ­Ê¼µµ¡£Ïê¼û SGMLtools ÖÐÎÄÌ×¼þÊ¹ÓÃËµÃ÷
\nameurl{http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/zh-sgmltools.html}{})












\subsection{Acrobat PDF ¸ñÊ½ \label{acrobatpdf}}

PDF µµ°¸¿ÉÒÔ´Ó postscript µµ°¸Ê¹ÓÃ acrobat {\bfseries distill}
»ò {\bfseries Ghostscript} À´È¡µÃ¡£
¶ø postscript µµ°¸ÊÇ´Ó LaTex µµ°¸ÏÈ×ª³É DVI£¬
ÔÙ×ª³É postscript ¶øÈ¡µÃ¡£
Äú¿ÉÒÔ´Ó \nameurl{http://www.adobe.com}{} ÏÂÔØ distill¡£
ÈçÒÔÏÂ¡õÀýËùÊ¾£º
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
bash$ man sgml2latex
bash$ sgml2latex filename.sgml
bash$ man dvips
bash$ dvips -o filename.ps filename.dvi
bash$ distill filename.ps
bash$ man ghostscript
bash$ man ps2pdf
bash$ ps2pdf input.ps output.pdf
bash$ acroread output.pdf &
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

»òÕßÄú¿ÉÊ¹ÓÃ Ghostscript µÄÖ¸Áî {\bfseries ps2pdf}¡£
ps2pdf ÊÇ¸öÓë Adobe's Acrobat Distiller ²úÆ·×÷ÓÃÏàËÆ²¢ÓµÓÐÆä´ó²¿·Ö¹¦ÄÜµÄÖ¸Áî£º
Ëü½« PostScript µµ°¸×ª»»³É¿ÉÐ¯Ê½ÎÄ¼þ¸ñÊ½(Portable Document Format, PDF)µµ°¸¡£
{\bfseries ps2pdf}ÊÇ±»Ò»¸ö°üº¬ÔÚ Ghostscript µÄÖ¸Áî¸å (command  script)
(Åú´Îµµ batch file)£¬ÇÒÑ¡ÔñÒ»ÖÖÃû½Ð {\bfseries pdfwrite}
µÄÌØÊâ "Êä³ö×°ÖÃ (output device)" À´Ö´ÐÐ¡£ÎªÁËÒªÊ¹ÓÃ ps2pdf£¬
µ± Ghostscript ÔÚ°²×°±àÒëÊ±£¬pdfwrite ×°ÖÃ±ØÐëÒª°üº¬ÔÚ makefile Àï£»
Ïê¼û°²×° Ghostscript µÄÎÄ¼þ¡£








\subsection{½« Linuxdoc ×ª»»³É Docbook ¸ñÊ½ \label{linuxdoc2docbook}}

Õâ·ÝÎÄ¼þÊÇÒÔ linuxdoc SGML ¸ñÊ½Ëù×«Ð´¡£Docbook SGML ¸ñÊ½
½Ï linuxdoc ¸ñÊ½¸üÇ¿´ó£¬ÇÒÓµÓÐ¸ü¶àÌØÉ«¡£
linuxdoc ·Ç³£¼òµ¥ÇÒÒ×ÓÃ¡£ÎÒÃÇÊ¹ÓÃ {\bfseries ld2db.sh}
³ÌÊ½ºÍÒ»Ð© perl scripts À´½« linux SGML µµ°¸×ª»»³É Docbook SGML¡£
ld2db µÄÊä³ö½á¹û²¢·Ç 100\% ÍêÃÀ£¬ÄúÐèÒªÊ¹ÓÃ {\bfseries cleanup\_ld2db.pl}
Õâ¸ö perl script¡£Äú¿ÉÄÜ±ØÐëÊÖ¶¯¸ü¸ÄÎÄ¼þÖÐµÄÊýÐÐ¡£
\begin{itemize}
\item  ´Ó \nameurl{http://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~rrt/docbook.html}{} »ò´Ó
\nameurl{http://www.milkywaygalaxy.freeservers.com}{Milkyway Galaxy site} ÏÂÔØ
ld2db ³ÌÊ½
\item  ´Ó \nameurl{http://www.milkywaygalaxy.freeservers.com}{Milkyway Galaxy site}
ÏÂÔØ cleanup\_ld2db.pl Õâ¸ö perl script¡£
\end{itemize}

ld2db.sh ²¢·Ç 100\% ÍêÃÀ£¬ÄúÔÚÖ´ÐÐÒÔÏÂÖ¸ÁîÊ±½«»áµÃµ½Ðí¶à´íÎó
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
        bash$ ld2db.sh file-linuxdoc.sgml db.sgml
        bash$ cleanup.pl db.sgml > db_clean.sgml
        bash$ gvim db_clean.sgml 
        bash$ docbook2html db.sgml
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

¶øÄú¿ÉÄÜ±ØÐëÔÚÖ´ÐÐÍê perl script áá£¬
ÊÖ¶¯±à¼­Ò»Ð©Ð¡´íÎóµÄµØ·½¡£ÀýÈç£º
Äú¿ÉÄÜÐèÒª {$<$}
/Para{$>$}ÔÚÃ¿¸ö {$<$}
Listitem{$>$} Ð´Èë·â±Õ±ê¼Ç (closing tag)










\subsection{×ª»»³É MS WinHelp ¸ñÊ½ \label{mswinhelp}}

Äú¿ÉÒÔ½« SGML howto ÎÄ¼þ×ª»»³É Microsoft Windows Help µµ°¸¡£
Ê×ÏÈÊ¹ÓÃÒÔÏÂÖ¸Áî½« sgml ×ª»»³É html£º
\par
\addvspace{\medskipamount}
\nopagebreak\hrule
\begin{verbatim}
        bash$ sgml2html xxxxhowto.sgml     (»ñÈ¡ html µµ°¸)
        bash$ sgml2html -split 0   xxxxhowto.sgml (»ñÈ¡ single page html µµ°¸)
\end{verbatim} 
\nopagebreak\hrule 
\addvspace{\medskipamount}

È»ááÊ¹ÓÃ \nameurl{http://javadocs.planetmirror.com/htmltohlpe.html}{HtmlToHlp}.
ÄúÒ²¿ÉÊ¹ÓÃ sgml2rtf£¬È»ááÊ¹ÓÃ RTF µµ°¸ÒÔ»ñÈ¡ winhelp µµ°¸¡£










\subsection{¶ÁÈ¡¸÷ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄ¸ñÊ½ \label{readformats}}

ÒªÔÄ¶Á dvi ¸ñÊ½µÄÎÄ¼þ£¬±ØÐëÊ¹ÓÃ xdvi ³ÌÊ½¡£xdvi ³ÌÊ½ÔÚ Redhat Linux ÊÇ´æÔÚì¶
tetex-xdvi*.rpm (Òë×¢£ºËæ²»Í¬·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¶øÓÐËù²îÒì£»ÇëÇ¢Ñ¯ÄúµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ³§ÉÌ»ò×éÖ¯)¡£
Äú¿ÉÒÔ´Ó¿ØÖÆÃæ°å(ControlPanel) $|$ Ó¦ÓÃ³ÌÊ½(Applications) $|$ ³ö°æ(Publishing) $|$ Tex
µÄÑ¡µ¥°´Å¥¿ªÆôÖ®¡£
Òª¶ÁÈ¡ dvi ¸ñÊ½ÎÄ¼þ£¬ÇëÖ´ÐÐÒÔÏÂÖ¸Áî -
\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        xdvi -geometry 80x90 howto.dvi
        man xdvi
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}

²¢ÇÒÊ¹ÓÃ»¬ÊóÀ´ÖØÐÂÉè¶¨ÊÓ´°´óÐ¡¡£
Ê¹ÓÃ·½Ïò¼ü¡¢Page Up¡¢Page Down À´µ¼Òý£¬
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À´ÉÏÒÆ¡¢ÏÂÒÆ¡¢ÖÃÖÐ¡¢ÖÁÏÂÒ»Ò³¡¢»ØÉÏÒ»Ò³µÈ¡£
Òª¹Ø±Õ×¨¼ÒÑ¡µ¥£¬Çë°´ 'x'¡£

Äú¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃ 'gv' (ghostview) »ò 'ghostscript' À´ÔÄ¶Á postscript ¸ñÊ½µÄÎÄ¼þ¡£
ÔÚ Redhat Linux Àï£¬ghostscript ´æÔÚì¶ ghostscript*.rpm Ì×¼þ£»gv Ôò´æÔÚì¶
gv*.rpm Ì×¼þÀï¡£(Òë×¢£ºËæ²»Í¬·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ¶øÓÐËù²îÒì£»ÇëÇ¢Ñ¯ÄúµÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þ³§ÉÌ»ò×éÖ¯)
Äú¿ÉÒÔ´Ó¿ØÖÆÃæ°æ(ControlPanel) $|$ Ó¦ÓÃ³ÌÊ½(Applications) $|$ ÃÀ¹¤»æÍ¼(Graphics)
µÄÑ¡µ¥°´Å¥¿ªÆôÖ®¡£gv Ô¶±È ghostscript ¸üÈËÐÔ»¯¡£
ghostscript ºÍ gv Ò²ÓÐÆäËûÆ½Ì¨µÄ°æ±¾£¬ÏñÊÇ OS/2¡¢
Windows 95 ºÍ NT£¬ÄúÉõÖÁÔÚÄÇÐ©Æ½Ì¨Ò²¿ÉÒÔ¹Û¿´´Ë·ÝÎÄ¼þ¡£

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