## org.springframework.orm.jdo
Class JdoTemplate

    java.lang.Object
      org.springframework.orm.jdo.JdoAccessor
          org.springframework.orm.jdo.JdoTemplate

All Implemented Interfaces:
  InitializingBean, JdoOperations

    public class JdoTemplate

extends JdoAccessor
implements JdoOperations

Helper class that simplifies JDO data access code, and converts JDOExceptions into Spring DataAccessExceptions, following the `org.springframework.dao` exception hierarchy.

The central method is `execute`, supporting JDO access code implementing the `JdoCallback` interface. It provides JDO PersistenceManager handling such that neither the JdoCallback implementation nor the calling code needs to explicitly care about retrieving/closing PersistenceManagers, or handling JDO lifecycle exceptions.

Typically used to implement data access or business logic services that use JDO within their implementation but are JDO-agnostic in their interface. The latter or code calling the latter only have to deal with business objects, query objects, and `org.springframework.dao` exceptions.

Can be used within a service implementation via direct instantiation with a PersistenceManagerFactory reference, or get prepared in an application context and given to services as bean reference. Note: The PersistenceManagerFactory should always be configured as bean in the application context, in the first case given to the service directly, in the second case to the prepared template.

This class can be considered as direct alternative to working with the raw JDO PersistenceManager API (through `PersistenceManagerFactoryUtils.getPersistenceManager()`). The major advantage is its automatic conversion to DataAccessExceptions, the major disadvantage that no checked application exceptions can get thrown from within data access code. Corresponding checks and the actual throwing of such exceptions can often be deferred to after callback execution, though.

`LocalPersistenceManagerFactoryBean` is the preferred way of obtaining a reference to a specific PersistenceManagerFactory, at least in a non-EJB environment. The Spring application context will manage its lifecycle, initializing and shutting down the factory as part of the application.

Note that lazy loading will just work with an open JDO PersistenceManager, either within a Spring-driven transaction (with JdoTransactionManager or JtaTransactionManager) or within OpenPersistenceManagerInViewFilter/Interceptor. Furthermore, some operations just make sense within transactions, for example: `evict`, `evictAll`, `flush`.

NOTE: This class requires JDO 2.0 or higher, as of Spring 2.5.

Since:
  03.06.2003
Author:
  Juergen Hoeller
See Also:
  `JdoAccessor.setPersistenceManagerFactory(javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactory)`, `JdoCallback`, `PersistenceManager`, `LocalPersistenceManagerFactoryBean`, `JdoTransactionManager`, `JtaTransactionManager`, `OpenPersistenceManagerInViewFilter`, `OpenPersistenceManagerInViewInterceptor`

Field Summary

Fields inherited from class org.springframework.orm.jdo.JdoAccessor
`logger`

Constructor Summary
`JdoTemplate()` Create a new JdoTemplate instance.
`JdoTemplate(javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactory pmf)` Create a new JdoTemplate instance.
`JdoTemplate(javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactory pmf, boolean allowCreate)` Create a new JdoTemplate instance.

Method Summary
`Object` `attachCopy(Object detachedEntity)` Deprecated. in favor of `makePersistent(Object)`. To be removed in Spring 3.0.
`Collection` `attachCopyAll(Collection detachedEntities)` Deprecated. in favor of `makePersistentAll(java.util.Collection)`. To be removed in Spring 3.0.
`protected javax.jdo.PersistenceManager` `createPersistenceManagerProxy(javax.jdo.PersistenceManager pm)` Create a close-suppressing proxy for the given JDO PersistenceManager.
`void` `deletePersistent(Object entity)` Delete the given persistent instance.
`void` `deletePersistentAll(Collection entities)` Delete all given persistent instances.
`Object` `detachCopy(Object entity)` Detach a copy of the given persistent instance from the current JDO transaction, for use outside a JDO transaction (for example, as web form object).
`Collection` `detachCopyAll(Collection entities)` Detach copies of the given persistent instances from the current JDO transaction, for use outside a JDO transaction (for example, as web form objects).
`void` `evict(Object entity)` Remove the given object from the PersistenceManager cache.
`void` `evictAll()` Remove all objects from the PersistenceManager cache.
`void` `evictAll(Collection entities)` Remove all given objects from the PersistenceManager cache.
`Object` `execute(JdoCallback action)` Execute the action specified by the given action object within a PersistenceManager.
`Object` `execute(JdoCallback action, boolean exposeNativePersistenceManager)` Execute the action specified by the given action object within a PersistenceManager.
`Collection` `executeFind(JdoCallback action)` Execute the specified action assuming that the result object is a Collection.
`Collection` `find(Class entityClass)` Find all persistent instances of the given class.
`Collection` `find(Class entityClass, String filter)` Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter.
`Collection` `find(Class entityClass, String filter, String ordering)` Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, with the given result ordering.
`Collection` `find(Class entityClass, String filter, String parameters, Map values)` Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, using the given parameter declarations and parameter values.
`Collection` `find(Class entityClass, String filter, String parameters, Map values, String ordering)` Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, using the given parameter declarations and parameter values, with the given result ordering.
`Collection` `find(Class entityClass, String filter, String parameters, Object[] values)` Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, using the given parameter declarations and parameter values.
`Collection` `find(Class entityClass, String filter, String parameters, Object[] values, String ordering)` Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, using the given parameter declarations and parameter values, with the given result ordering.
`Collection` `find(String queryString)` Find persistent instances through the given single-string JDOQL query.
`Collection` `find(String queryString, Map values)` Find persistent instances through the given single-string JDOQL query.
`Collection` `find(String language, Object queryObject)` Find persistent instances through the given query object in the specified query language.
`Collection` `find(String queryString, Object[] values)` Find persistent instances through the given single-string JDOQL query.
`Collection` `findByNamedQuery(Class entityClass, String queryName)` Find persistent instances through the given named query.
`Collection` `findByNamedQuery(Class entityClass, String queryName, Map values)` Find persistent instances through the given named query.
`Collection` `findByNamedQuery(Class entityClass, String queryName, Object[] values)` Find persistent instances through the given named query.
`void` `flush()` Flush all transactional modifications to the database.
`Object` `getObjectById(Class entityClass, Object idValue)` Return the persistent instance of the given entity class with the given id value, throwing an exception if not found.
`Object` `getObjectById(Object objectId)` Return the persistent instance with the given JDO object id, throwing an exception if not found.
`boolean` `isAllowCreate()` Return if a new PersistenceManager should be created if no thread-bound found.
`boolean` `isExposeNativePersistenceManager()` Return whether to expose the native JDO PersistenceManager to JdoCallback code, or rather a PersistenceManager proxy.
`Object` `makePersistent(Object entity)` Make the given transient instance persistent.
`Collection` `makePersistentAll(Collection entities)` Make the given transient instances persistent.
`protected Object` `postProcessResult(Object result, javax.jdo.PersistenceManager pm, boolean existingTransaction)` Post-process the given result object, which might be a Collection.
`void` `prepareQuery(javax.jdo.Query query)` Prepare the given JDO query object.
`void` `refresh(Object entity)` Re-read the state of the given persistent instance.
`void` `refreshAll()` Re-read the state of all persistent instances.
`void` `refreshAll(Collection entities)` Re-read the state of all given persistent instances.
`void` `setAllowCreate(boolean allowCreate)` Set if a new PersistenceManager should be created when no transactional PersistenceManager can be found for the current thread.
`void` `setExposeNativePersistenceManager(boolean exposeNativePersistenceManager)` Set whether to expose the native JDO PersistenceManager to JdoCallback code.

Methods inherited from class org.springframework.orm.jdo.JdoAccessor
`afterPropertiesSet, convertJdoAccessException, flushIfNecessary, getJdoDialect, getPersistenceManagerFactory, isFlushEager, setFlushEager, setJdoDialect, setPersistenceManagerFactory`

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
`clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait`

Constructor Detail

### JdoTemplate

    public JdoTemplate()

  Create a new JdoTemplate instance.

### JdoTemplate

    public JdoTemplate(javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactory pmf)

  Create a new JdoTemplate instance.

  Parameters:
    `pmf` - PersistenceManagerFactory to create PersistenceManagers

### JdoTemplate

    public JdoTemplate(javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactory pmf,
                       boolean allowCreate)

  Create a new JdoTemplate instance.

  Parameters:
    `pmf` - PersistenceManagerFactory to create PersistenceManagers
    `allowCreate` - if a non-transactional PersistenceManager should be created when no transactional PersistenceManager can be found for the current thread

Method Detail

### setAllowCreate

    public void setAllowCreate(boolean allowCreate)

  Set if a new PersistenceManager should be created when no transactional PersistenceManager can be found for the current thread.

  JdoTemplate is aware of a corresponding PersistenceManager bound to the current thread, for example when using JdoTransactionManager. If allowCreate is true, a new non-transactional PersistenceManager will be created if none found, which needs to be closed at the end of the operation. If false, an IllegalStateException will get thrown in this case.

  See Also:
    `PersistenceManagerFactoryUtils.getPersistenceManager(javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactory, boolean)`

### isAllowCreate

    public boolean isAllowCreate()

  Return if a new PersistenceManager should be created if no thread-bound found.

### setExposeNativePersistenceManager

    public void setExposeNativePersistenceManager(boolean exposeNativePersistenceManager)

  Set whether to expose the native JDO PersistenceManager to JdoCallback code. Default is "false": a PersistenceManager proxy will be returned, suppressing `close` calls and automatically applying transaction timeouts (if any).

  As there is often a need to cast to a provider-specific PersistenceManager class in DAOs that use provider-specific functionality, the exposed proxy implements all interfaces implemented by the original PersistenceManager. If this is not sufficient, turn this flag to "true".

  See Also:
    `JdoCallback`, `PersistenceManager`, `prepareQuery(javax.jdo.Query)`

### isExposeNativePersistenceManager

    public boolean isExposeNativePersistenceManager()

  Return whether to expose the native JDO PersistenceManager to JdoCallback code, or rather a PersistenceManager proxy.

### execute

    public Object execute(JdoCallback action)
                   throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Execute the action specified by the given action object within a PersistenceManager. Application exceptions thrown by the action object get propagated to the caller (can only be unchecked). JDO exceptions are transformed into appropriate DAO ones. Allows for returning a result object, i.e. a domain object or a collection of domain objects.

  Note: Callback code is not supposed to handle transactions itself! Use an appropriate transaction manager like JdoTransactionManager.

  Specified by:
    `execute` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `action` - callback object that specifies the JDO action
  Returns:
    a result object returned by the action, or `null`
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `JdoTransactionManager`, `org.springframework.dao`, `org.springframework.transaction`, `PersistenceManager`

### executeFind

    public Collection executeFind(JdoCallback action)
                           throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Execute the specified action assuming that the result object is a Collection. This is a convenience method for executing JDO queries within an action.

  Specified by:
    `executeFind` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `action` - callback object that specifies the JDO action
  Returns:
    a Collection result returned by the action, or `null`
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors

### execute

    public Object execute(JdoCallback action,
                          boolean exposeNativePersistenceManager)
                   throws DataAccessException

  Execute the action specified by the given action object within a PersistenceManager.

  Parameters:
    `action` - callback object that specifies the JDO action
    `exposeNativePersistenceManager` - whether to expose the native JDO persistence manager to callback code
  Returns:
    a result object returned by the action, or `null`
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors

### createPersistenceManagerProxy

    protected javax.jdo.PersistenceManager createPersistenceManagerProxy(javax.jdo.PersistenceManager pm)

  Create a close-suppressing proxy for the given JDO PersistenceManager. Called by the `execute` method.

  The proxy also prepares returned JDO Query objects.

  Parameters:
    `pm` - the JDO PersistenceManager to create a proxy for
  Returns:
    the PersistenceManager proxy, implementing all interfaces implemented by the passed-in PersistenceManager object (that is, also implementing all provider-specific extension interfaces)
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.close()`, `execute(JdoCallback, boolean)`, `prepareQuery(javax.jdo.Query)`

### postProcessResult

    protected Object postProcessResult(Object result,
                                       javax.jdo.PersistenceManager pm,
                                       boolean existingTransaction)

  Post-process the given result object, which might be a Collection. Called by the `execute` method.

  Default implementation always returns the passed-in Object as-is. Subclasses might override this to automatically detach result collections or even single result objects.

  Parameters:
    `pm` - the current JDO PersistenceManager
    `result` - the result object (might be a Collection)
    `existingTransaction` - if executing within an existing transaction (within an existing JDO PersistenceManager that won't be closed immediately)
  Returns:
    the post-processed result object (can be simply be the passed-in object)
  See Also:
    `execute(JdoCallback, boolean)`

### getObjectById

    public Object getObjectById(Object objectId)
                         throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Return the persistent instance with the given JDO object id, throwing an exception if not found.

  A JDO object id identifies both the persistent class and the id within the namespace of that class.

  Specified by:
    `getObjectById` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `objectId` - a JDO object id of the persistent instance
  Returns:
    the persistent instance
  Throws:
    `ObjectRetrievalFailureException` - if not found
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.getObjectById(Object, boolean)`

### getObjectById

    public Object getObjectById(Class entityClass,
                                Object idValue)
                         throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Return the persistent instance of the given entity class with the given id value, throwing an exception if not found.

  The given id value is typically just unique within the namespace of the persistent class. Its toString value must correspond to the toString value of the corresponding JDO object id.

  Usually, the passed-in value will have originated from the primary key field of a persistent object that uses JDO's application identity.

  Specified by:
    `getObjectById` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `idValue` - an id value of the persistent instance
  Returns:
    the persistent instance
  Throws:
    `ObjectRetrievalFailureException` - if not found
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.getObjectById(Object, boolean)`, `PersistenceManager.getObjectById(Class, Object)`

### evict

    public void evict(Object entity)
               throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Remove the given object from the PersistenceManager cache.

  Specified by:
    `evict` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entity` - the persistent instance to evict
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.evict(Object)`

### evictAll

    public void evictAll(Collection entities)
                  throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Remove all given objects from the PersistenceManager cache.

  Specified by:
    `evictAll` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entities` - the persistent instances to evict
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.evictAll(java.util.Collection)`

### evictAll

    public void evictAll()
                  throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Remove all objects from the PersistenceManager cache.

  Specified by:
    `evictAll` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.evictAll()`

### refresh

    public void refresh(Object entity)
                 throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Re-read the state of the given persistent instance.

  Specified by:
    `refresh` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entity` - the persistent instance to re-read
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.refresh(Object)`

### refreshAll

    public void refreshAll(Collection entities)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Re-read the state of all given persistent instances.

  Specified by:
    `refreshAll` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entities` - the persistent instances to re-read
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.refreshAll(java.util.Collection)`

### refreshAll

    public void refreshAll()
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Re-read the state of all persistent instances.

  Specified by:
    `refreshAll` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.refreshAll()`

### makePersistent

    public Object makePersistent(Object entity)
                          throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Make the given transient instance persistent. Attach the given entity if the instance is detached.

  Specified by:
    `makePersistent` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entity` - the transient instance to make persistent
  Returns:
    the persistent instance
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.makePersistent(Object)`

### makePersistentAll

    public Collection makePersistentAll(Collection entities)
                                 throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Make the given transient instances persistent. Attach the given entities if the instances are detached.

  Specified by:
    `makePersistentAll` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entities` - the transient instances to make persistent
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.makePersistentAll(java.util.Collection)`

### deletePersistent

    public void deletePersistent(Object entity)
                          throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Delete the given persistent instance.

  Specified by:
    `deletePersistent` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entity` - the persistent instance to delete
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.deletePersistent(Object)`

### deletePersistentAll

    public void deletePersistentAll(Collection entities)
                             throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Delete all given persistent instances.

  This can be combined with any of the find methods to delete by query in two lines of code.

  Specified by:
    `deletePersistentAll` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entities` - the persistent instances to delete
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.deletePersistentAll(java.util.Collection)`

### detachCopy

    public Object detachCopy(Object entity)

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Detach a copy of the given persistent instance from the current JDO transaction, for use outside a JDO transaction (for example, as web form object).

  Specified by:
    `detachCopy` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entity` - the persistent instance to detach
  Returns:
    the corresponding detached instance
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.detachCopy(Object)`

### detachCopyAll

    public Collection detachCopyAll(Collection entities)

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Detach copies of the given persistent instances from the current JDO transaction, for use outside a JDO transaction (for example, as web form objects).

  Specified by:
    `detachCopyAll` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entities` - the persistent instances to detach
  Returns:
    the corresponding detached instances
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.detachCopyAll(Collection)`

### attachCopy

    public Object attachCopy(Object detachedEntity)

  Deprecated. in favor of `makePersistent(Object)`. To be removed in Spring 3.0.

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Reattach the given detached instance (for example, a web form object) with the current JDO transaction, merging its changes into the current persistence instance that represents the corresponding entity.

  Note that as of JDO 2.0 final, this operation is equivalent to a `makePersistent` call, with the latter method returning the persistence instance.

  Specified by:
    `attachCopy` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `detachedEntity` - the detached instance to attach
  Returns:
    the corresponding persistent instance

### attachCopyAll

    public Collection attachCopyAll(Collection detachedEntities)

  Deprecated. in favor of `makePersistentAll(java.util.Collection)`. To be removed in Spring 3.0.

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Reattach the given detached instances (for example, web form objects) with the current JDO transaction, merging their changes into the current persistence instances that represent the corresponding entities.

  Note that as of JDO 2.0 final, this operation is equivalent to a `makePersistentAll` call, with the latter method returning the persistence instance.

  Specified by:
    `attachCopyAll` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `detachedEntities` - the detached instances to reattach
  Returns:
    the corresponding persistent instances

### flush

    public void flush()
               throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Flush all transactional modifications to the database.

  Only invoke this for selective eager flushing, for example when JDBC code needs to see certain changes within the same transaction. Else, it's preferable to rely on auto-flushing at transaction completion.

  Specified by:
    `flush` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.flush()`, `JdoDialect.flush(javax.jdo.PersistenceManager)`

### find

    public Collection find(Class entityClass)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find all persistent instances of the given class.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(Class)`

### find

    public Collection find(Class entityClass,
                           String filter)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `filter` - the JDOQL filter to match (or `null` if none)
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(Class, String)`

### find

    public Collection find(Class entityClass,
                           String filter,
                           String ordering)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, with the given result ordering.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `filter` - the JDOQL filter to match (or `null` if none)
    `ordering` - the ordering of the result (or `null` if none)
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(Class, String)`, `Query.setOrdering(java.lang.String)`

### find

    public Collection find(Class entityClass,
                           String filter,
                           String parameters,
                           Object[] values)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, using the given parameter declarations and parameter values.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `filter` - the JDOQL filter to match
    `parameters` - the JDOQL parameter declarations
    `values` - the corresponding parameter values
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(Class, String)`, `Query.declareParameters(java.lang.String)`, `Query.executeWithArray(java.lang.Object[])`

### find

    public Collection find(Class entityClass,
                           String filter,
                           String parameters,
                           Object[] values,
                           String ordering)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, using the given parameter declarations and parameter values, with the given result ordering.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `filter` - the JDOQL filter to match
    `parameters` - the JDOQL parameter declarations
    `values` - the corresponding parameter values
    `ordering` - the ordering of the result (or `null` if none)
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(Class, String)`, `Query.declareParameters(java.lang.String)`, `Query.executeWithArray(java.lang.Object[])`, `Query.setOrdering(java.lang.String)`

### find

    public Collection find(Class entityClass,
                           String filter,
                           String parameters,
                           Map values)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, using the given parameter declarations and parameter values.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `filter` - the JDOQL filter to match
    `parameters` - the JDOQL parameter declarations
    `values` - a Map with parameter names as keys and parameter values
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(Class, String)`, `Query.declareParameters(java.lang.String)`, `Query.executeWithMap(java.util.Map)`

### find

    public Collection find(Class entityClass,
                           String filter,
                           String parameters,
                           Map values,
                           String ordering)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find all persistent instances of the given class that match the given JDOQL filter, using the given parameter declarations and parameter values, with the given result ordering.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `filter` - the JDOQL filter to match
    `parameters` - the JDOQL parameter declarations
    `values` - a Map with parameter names as keys and parameter values
    `ordering` - the ordering of the result (or `null` if none)
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(Class, String)`, `Query.declareParameters(java.lang.String)`, `Query.executeWithMap(java.util.Map)`, `Query.setOrdering(java.lang.String)`

### find

    public Collection find(String language,
                           Object queryObject)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find persistent instances through the given query object in the specified query language.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `language` - the query language (`javax.jdo.Query#JDOQL` or `javax.jdo.Query#SQL`, for example)
    `queryObject` - the query object for the specified language
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(String, Object)`, `Query.JDOQL`, `Query.SQL`

### find

    public Collection find(String queryString)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find persistent instances through the given single-string JDOQL query.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `queryString` - the single-string JDOQL query
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(String)`

### find

    public Collection find(String queryString,
                           Object[] values)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find persistent instances through the given single-string JDOQL query.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `queryString` - the single-string JDOQL query
    `values` - the corresponding parameter values
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(String)`

### find

    public Collection find(String queryString,
                           Map values)
                    throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find persistent instances through the given single-string JDOQL query.

  Specified by:
    `find` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `queryString` - the single-string JDOQL query
    `values` - a Map with parameter names as keys and parameter values
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newQuery(String)`

### findByNamedQuery

    public Collection findByNamedQuery(Class entityClass,
                                       String queryName)
                                throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find persistent instances through the given named query.

  Specified by:
    `findByNamedQuery` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `queryName` - the name of the query
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newNamedQuery(Class, String)`

### findByNamedQuery

    public Collection findByNamedQuery(Class entityClass,
                                       String queryName,
                                       Object[] values)
                                throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find persistent instances through the given named query.

  Specified by:
    `findByNamedQuery` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `queryName` - the name of the query
    `values` - the corresponding parameter values
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newNamedQuery(Class, String)`

### findByNamedQuery

    public Collection findByNamedQuery(Class entityClass,
                                       String queryName,
                                       Map values)
                                throws DataAccessException

  Description copied from interface: `JdoOperations`
  Find persistent instances through the given named query.

  Specified by:
    `findByNamedQuery` in interface `JdoOperations`
  Parameters:
    `entityClass` - a persistent class
    `queryName` - the name of the query
    `values` - a Map with parameter names as keys and parameter values
  Returns:
    the persistent instances
  Throws:
    `DataAccessException` - in case of JDO errors
  See Also:
    `PersistenceManager.newNamedQuery(Class, String)`

### prepareQuery

    public void prepareQuery(javax.jdo.Query query)
                      throws javax.jdo.JDOException

  Prepare the given JDO query object. To be used within a JdoCallback. Applies a transaction timeout, if any. If you don't use such timeouts, the call is a no-op.

  In general, prefer a proxied PersistenceManager instead, which will automatically apply the transaction timeout (through the use of a special PersistenceManager proxy). You need to set the "exposeNativePersistenceManager" property to "false" to activate this. Note that you won't be able to cast to a provider-specific JDO PersistenceManager class anymore then.

  Parameters:
    `query` - the JDO query object
  Throws:
    `javax.jdo.JDOException` - if the query could not be properly prepared
  See Also:
    `JdoCallback.doInJdo(javax.jdo.PersistenceManager)`, `PersistenceManagerFactoryUtils.applyTransactionTimeout(javax.jdo.Query, javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactory, org.springframework.orm.jdo.JdoDialect)`, `setExposeNativePersistenceManager(boolean)`

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