# Sclite Commandline Options

The commandline options for sclite can be broken into four categories:

1. Input File Options:
   -e, -h, -i, -P, -r, -R
2. Alignment Options:
   -c, -d, -F, -L -m, -s, -S, -T -w
3. Output Options:
   -f, -l, -O, -p
4. Scoring Report Options:
   -C, -n, -o

Input File Options:

These options control/define the input to sclite. Input can come from either reference and hypothesis files, or piped input from previously aligned REF and HYP files.
-e gb|euc

Define the character encoding used for the text portion input ref and hyp files. The flag "gb" stands for GB encoded Chinese and "euc" stands for EUC encoded Japanese. Both encodings are 2-byte per character encodings. The default, is extended ASCII.

-h hypfile [ trn | txt | ctm ] title

The '-h' option is a required argument which specifies the input hypothesis file. The optional format field, "[ trn | txt | ctm] " specifies the input file format from the set of input formats described above. The default input format is "trn". When reports are generated, the "hypfile" name will be used to identify the origins of the results. If the "title" option is used, that string will be used instead.

The -h option may be used more than once to align multiple files.

-i [ wsj | atis | rm | swb | spu_id ]

The '-i' option defines how to interpret the utterance id's used in the transcription input file format "trn" described above. This argument identifies the corpus of the utterance id:

wsj -
  for Wall Street Journal and CSRNAB
atis -
  for ATIS3
rm | swb | spu_id -
  are synonyms which refer to generic utterance id formats whereby the utterance id is made up of a speaker code, followed by a hyphen or underscore, followed by an utterance number.

This option is only required for aligning transcript inputs (trn). TBD

-P

Alignments are read from 'stdin' as input to sclite. The format of the input must be in the "sgml" output format, created either by '-o sgml' or by piped input from another sclite utility. No re-alignments are performed on the read in alignments, only scoring reports can be generated.

-r reffile [ trn | stm | ctm ]

The '-r' option, a required argument, specifies the input reference file which the hypothesis file(s) are compared to. The optional format field "[ trn | stm | ctm ] " field specifies the input file format from the set of input formats described above. The default input format is "trn".

-R

Interpret the text symbols as a right-to-left language such as Arabic. The default is to interpret text in a left-to-right fashion as in English.

Alignment Options:

-c [ NOASCII DH ]

Chop up the words into separate characters before doing the alignment. It is generally not the practice of the ARPA community to score at the character level. The intent of this option is to be able to score Mandarin Chinese at the character level. The option "NOASCII" does not separate characters if they are ASCII. The option "DH" deletes hyphens from the ref and hyp strings before alignment. This option only works using the DP alignment algorithm. (-c & -d are exclusive)

-d

Use GNU diff for alignments rather than the default dynamic programming. (-c & -d are exclusive)

-F

Perform the alignment using a cost function which counts fragments, words ending or beginning with a hyphen, as correct if the spelling up to the hyphen matches the spelling of the hypothesized word. Options -F and -d are exclusive.

-L LM

Define the CMU-Cambridge Statistical Language Modeling Toolkit v2 language mode file to be 'LM'. The LM file must be created using the idngram2lm program. (See the toolkit documentation details of how to make the language model.) Currently, SCTK supports 1, 2 and 3-grams.

The language model is used to compute an individual weight for each word in the reference and hypothesis strings. The weight is defined to be Log2(P(word|context)). Each pair of aligned strings is considered to be independent, so therefore, there is no context for initial words in each pair.

The word-weights are used in two ways, first as a method to define word-to-word distances for word-weight-mediated alignment and second to perform weighted word scoring .

Out-of-Vocabulary words get the default weight of 20.0, and optionally deletable words get a default weight of 0.0.

-m [ ref | hyp ]

When scoring a hypothesis ctm file against a reference stm file, the time spans of the two may not match, (i.e. the start time of the first word/segment may not match or the end time of the last word/segment may not match).

When this option is used, the alignment phase of scoring ignores any segment or word (depending on the option(s) used) which is not in the time span of the opposite file. The time span of a file is defined to be start time of the first time mark, to the end time of the last time mark.

The "ref" option reduces the reference segments to those which are within the hypothesis file time span.

The "hyp" option reduces the hypothesis words to those which are within the reference file tiem span.

Both "ref" and "hyp" may be used simultaneously.

The argument -m by itself defaults to '-m ref'. Exclusive with -d.

-s

Do Case-sensitive alignments. Otherwise all input is mapped to a single case before scoring. Of course, GB and UEX encode text data is never case-converted.

-S algo1 lexicon [ ASCIITOO ]

The '-S' option performs an inferred word segmentation alignment algorithm. This option is intended to be used for the LVCSR evaluation of Mandarin Chinese. A problem with scoring Mandarin at the word level is the lack of clearly defined words in Mandari text. This option implements an algorithm which, given a word segmentation for the reference string and a "lexicon" of legal words, computes a minimal error rate word alignment. The algorithm is as follows:

1. Convert the previously word-segmented reference string into a word network.
2. Covert the hypothesis text to a string of characters, each character representing a word. The data represented is then convert to a network.

       ex.    * --- A --- * --- T --- * --- 0 --- *

3. Consider all possible sequences of letters through the network. If a sequence creates a word which is represented in the lexicon, add an arc to the network representing the word. The maximum characters per word is limited to the maximum word length in the lexicon.

                            ,-------- TO -------.
                           /                     \
       ex.    * --- A --- * --- T --- * --- 0 --- *
               \                     /
                `------- AT --------'

4. DP Align the reference and hypothesis networks, and extract a minimal cost path.

The supplied "lexicon" must be a sorted list of word records, each separated by a newline. Only the first column, separated by whitespace, is read in and used for the lexicon. By default, the algorithm only separates hypothesis characters that are GB or EUC encoded. If the option "ASCIITOO" is used, ASCII hypothesis words are also converted to characters in step 2.

Exclusive with -d.

-S algo2 lexicon [ ASCIITOO ]

Perform a similar algorithm as described in '-S alog1' except the roles of the reference and hypothesis transcripts are reversed. In this algorithm, the segmentation of the hypothesis text is held constant, while the reference transcript undergoes the process of of coversion to characters and arcs added to the network for words found in the lexicon. Both "lexicon" and "ASCIITOO" have the same usage as in algo1.

Exclusive with -d.

-T

The '-T' option performs time-mediated string alignments rather than the traditional word alignments. Currently, only alignments involving two "ctm" files can be aligned in this manner. The main SCLITE page describes time-mediated alignments.

Options -F and -d are exlcusive.

-w wwl_file

Define the word-weight list (WWL) file to be 'wwl_file'. The WWL file defines an arbitrary weight for each word in the lexicon. The weights are used in two ways, first as a method to define word-to-word distances for word-weight-mediated alignment and second to perform weighted word scoring .

If the supplied WWL filename is "unity", then no file of weights is read in. Instead, this is a shorthand notation to use a weight of 1.0 for all words.

Optionally deletable words get a default weight of 0.0, (even if "unity" is supplied as the WWL filename).

The format of the WWL file is as follows.

Comment lines begin with double semi-colons. The are two forms of "special" comment lines. The first defines heading labels each column in the table. The format for this line is:

;; 'Headings' '<COL1>' '<COL2>' '<COL3>' ....

The label for column 1 should be "Word Spelling" since this column is the word's text. The labels for columns 2 though 10 are defined by the user.

The second "special" comment line defines the default weight applied to out-of-vocabulary words if any exist. The format for this line is:

;; Default missing weight '<number>'

'number' must be a floating point number.

The remainder of the file consists of word records, each word record separated by a newline. The format of each record is:

<WORD_TEXT> <WEIGHT_1> <WEIGHT_2> . . .

There should be no whitespace at the beginning if the line, and the word texts can not include whitespace. The remainder of the line are whitespace separated floating point weights, up to a maximum of 10 weights can be assigned per word.

NOTE: The current version of SCTK only utilizes the first weight.

Output Options:

-f level

As a well behaved program, reassure the user that the program is continuing to perform it's task by providing the user with some feedback. The feedback levels, defined by this option are: 0) no feedback, 1) processing feedback (i.e. status of text loading and alignments); 2) processing feedback plus printing out aligned strings. The feedback level defaults to 0 if no output options are specified using the '-o' option, otherwise it defaults to 1.

-l width

When printing the text alignments for the output option "pralign" wrap the lines at "width" characters. Default is 1000 characters.

-O output_dir

Instead of writing the output files to the directory containing the , write them into the directory "output_dir". If the output directory does not exist, all reports will be written to stdout.

-p

Write to standard out the resulting alignments so they can be piped to another sclite utility. The format of the output is the same as '-o sgml'. The options sets the feedback level, with '-f' to 0.

Scoring Report Options:

-C [ det | bhist | hist | none ]

Defines the output formats for analysis of confidence scores. Currently, the only way to assign confidence estimates to each hyp word is through the ctm hypothesis file. Default: 'none' Examples.

-n name

Writes all outputs using 'name' as a root filename instead of 'hypfile'. For multiple hypothesis files, the root filename is 'name'.'hypfile'

-o [ sum | rsum | wws | pralign | all | sgml | stdout | lur | snt | spk | dtl | prf | none ]

Defines the output scoring reports generated by the sclite. The possible reports are:

sum -
  Produce a summary of speaker performance in terms of Percents: Correct, Substitutions, Deletions, Insertions, Word Errors and Sentence (or Utterance) errors. System averages and speaker means, medians and standard deviations are computed for each percentage. If the report is not going to stdout, the output is placed in a file called "<hypfile>.sys". The options '-O' and '-n' can change the destination of the output file. Example
rsum -
  Produce a summary similar to 'sum' except output word counts instead of percentages. If the report is not going to stdout, the output is placed in a file called .raw. The options '-O' and '-n' can change the destination of the output file. Example
wws -
  Produce a summary similar to 'sum' except output weighted word error instead of word error. If the report is not going to stdout, the output is placed in a file called .wws. The options '-O' and '-n' can change the destination of the output file. Example
pralign -
pra -
  Produce a text copy of all the string alignments. If the report is not going to stdout, the output is placed in a file called .pra. The options '-O' and '-n' can change the destination of the output file. "pralign" and "pra" are synonyms. Example
prf -
  Produce a text copy of all the string alignments similar to that produced by "pralign" except, include all relevant information concerning the alignments. That is, include in the output things like: word beginning and ending times, reference segment beginning and ending times, and hypothesis word confidence scores. Example
all -
  Produces the three reports: "sum", "rsum", and pralign"
stdout -
  Write all selected scoring reports to stdout. If the feedback level is not specified using the '-f' option, the feedback level is set to 0.
sgml -
  Produce a dump of the text alignments in an sgml notation. The output consists of tags at the system, speaker, and sentence level. Text information is only present at the sentence level and consists a comma separated list of word alignments. The word alignments can be either of the following: C:"word" or I:"word" or D:"word" or S:"word1","word2" for correct, insertion, deletion and substitution respectively. If the report is not going to stdout, the output is placed in a file called .sgml. The options '-O' and '-n' can change the destination of the output file. Example
lur -
  Produce a Labeled Utterance Report (LUR) based information in the reference STM file. (Note: only reference files in STM format support this option.) The LUR report is a report which tabulates overall error rate statistics and statistics over arbitrary subsets of the reference data, e.g. speaker's sex, audio characteristics. If the report is not going to stdout, the output is placed in a file called .lur. The options '-O' and '-n' can change the destination of the output file. Example
snt -
  Produce a scoring report file for all utterance/segments of a speaker. Within each file, one per speaker, is a by-utterance error analysis which contains: the aligned text, error classification percentages and other statistics. If the report is not going to stdout, the output is placed in a file called .snt.. The options '-O' and '-n' can change the destination and name of the output file. Example
spk -
  Produce a scoring report file summarizing the errors made on the speaker's utterances. Within each file, one per speaker id, is a summarization of utterance and word errors along with confusion pair, insertion, deletion, substitution and falsely recognized word lists. If the report is not going to stdout, the output is placed in a file called .spk.. The options '-O' and '-n' can change the destination and name of the output file. Example
dtl -
  Produce a scoring report in the same format as the "spk" report using statistics gathered over the entire test set. If the report is not going to stdout, the output is placed in a file called .dtl. The options -'O' and '-n' can change the destination and name of the output file. Example
none -
  Produce no output reports.

If this option is not specified, the default options are "sum" and "stdout". If the user wishes to have reports other than "sum" to be written to stdout, then the "stdout" flag must be used in the argument list. Options that are duplicated, have the effect of nullification. So for instance using the options "all pralign" is equivalent to "sum rsum". Defines the output reports. Default: 'sum stdout'