|  | reflex Namespace Reference updated Thu Jun 19 2025 by Robert van Engelen |

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reflex Namespace Reference

## Namespaces
| convert_flag
| Posix
| Unicode

## Classes
class | AbstractLexer
| The abstract lexer class template that is the abstract root class of all reflex-generated scanners. More...
class | AbstractMatcher
| The abstract matcher base class template defines an interface for all pattern matcher engines. More...
class | Bits
| RE/flex Bits class for dynamic bit vectors. More...
class | BoostMatcher
| Boost matcher engine class implements reflex::PatternMatcher pattern matching interface with scan, find, split functors and iterators, using the Boost::regex library. More...
class | BoostPerlMatcher
| Boost matcher engine class, extends reflex::BoostMatcher for Boost Perl regex matching. More...
class | BoostPosixMatcher
| Boost matcher engine class, extends reflex::BoostMatcher for Boost POSIX regex matching. More...
class | BufferedInput
| Buffered input. More...
class | FlexLexer
| Flex-compatible FlexLexer abstract base class template derived from reflex::AbstractMatcher for the reflex-generated yyFlexLexer scanner class. More...
class | FuzzyMatcher
| RE/flex fuzzy matcher engine class, implements reflex::Matcher fuzzy pattern matching interface with scan, find, split functors and iterators. More...
class | Input
| Input character sequence class for unified access to sources of input text. More...
struct | lazy_intersection
| Intersection of two ordered sets, with an iterator to get elements lazely. More...
struct | lazy_union
| Union of two ordered sets, with an iterator to get elements lazely. More...
class | LineMatcher
| Line matcher engine class implements reflex::PatternMatcher pattern matching interface with scan, find, split functors and iterators for matching lines only, use option 'A' to include newline with FIND, option 'N' to also FIND empty lines and option 'W' to only FIND empty lines. More...
class | Matcher
| RE/flex matcher engine class, implements reflex::PatternMatcher pattern matching interface with scan, find, split functors and iterators. More...
class | ORanges
| RE/flex ORanges (open-ended, ordinal value range) template class. More...
class | Pattern
| Pattern class holds a regex pattern and its compiled FSM opcode table or code for the reflex::Matcher engine. More...
class | PatternMatcher
| The pattern matcher class template extends abstract matcher base class. More...
class | PatternMatcher< std::string >
| A specialization of the pattern matcher class template for std::string, extends abstract matcher base class. More...
class | PCRE2Matcher
| PCRE2 JIT-optimized matcher engine class implements reflex::PatternMatcher pattern matching interface with scan, find, split functors and iterators, using the PCRE2 library. More...
class | PCRE2UTFMatcher
| PCRE2 JIT-optimized native PCRE2_UTF+PCRE2_UCP matcher engine class, extends PCRE2Matcher. More...
struct | range_compare
| Functor to define a total order on ranges (intervals) represented by pairs. More...
class | Ranges
| RE/flex Ranges template class. More...
class | regex_error
| Regex syntax error exceptions. More...
class | StdEcmaMatcher
| std matcher engine class, extends reflex::StdMatcher for ECMA std::regex::ECMAScript syntax and regex matching. More...
class | StdMatcher
| std matcher engine class implements reflex::PatternMatcher pattern matching interface with scan, find, split functors and iterators, using the C++11 std::regex library. More...
class | StdPosixMatcher
| std matcher engine class, extends reflex::StdMatcher for POSIX ERE std::regex::awk syntax and regex matching. More...
struct | TypeOp
| TypeOp<T>::Type = T, TypeOp<T>::ConstType = const T, TypeOp<T>::NonConstType = non-const T. More...
struct | TypeOp< const T >
| Template specialization of reflex::TypeOp. More...

## Typedefs
typedef int | convert_flag_type
| Conversion flags for reflex::convert. More...
typedef int | regex_error_type
| Regex syntax error exception error code. More...
typedef timeval | timer_type

## Functions
int | isword (int c)
| Check ASCII word-like character `[A-Za-z0-9_]`, permitting the character range 0..303 (0x12f) and EOF. More...
std::string | convert (const char *pattern, const char *signature, convert_flag_type flags=convert_flag::none, bool *multiline=NULL, const std::map< std::string, std::string > *macros=NULL)
| Returns the converted regex string given a regex library signature and conversion flags, throws regex_error. More...
std::string | convert (const std::string &pattern, const char *signature, convert_flag_type flags=convert_flag::none, bool *multiline=NULL, const std::map< std::string, std::string > *macros=NULL)
bool | supports_modifier (const char *signature, int modchar)
bool | supports_escape (const char *signature, int escape)
std::string | ztoa (size_t n)
template<typename S1 , typename S2 >
bool | is_disjoint (const S1 &s1, const S2 &s2)
| Check if sets `s1` and `s2` are disjoint. More...
template<typename T , typename S >
bool | is_in_set (const T &x, const S &s)
| Check if value `x` is in set `s`. More...
template<typename S1 , typename S2 >
bool | is_subset (const S1 &s1, const S2 &s2)
| Check if set `s1` is a subset of set `s2`. More...
template<typename S1 , typename S2 >
void | set_insert (S1 &s1, const S2 &s2)
| Insert set `s2` into set `s1`. More...
template<typename S , typename E >
void | set_add (S &s, const E &e)
| Insert element `e` into set `s`. More...
template<typename S1 , typename S2 >
void | set_delete (S1 &s1, const S2 &s2)
| Delete elements of set `s2` from set `s1`. More...
template<typename S , typename E >
void | set_erase (S &s, const E &e)
| Remove element `e` from set `s` when present. More...
size_t | nlcount (const char *s, const char *e)
| Count newlines in string s up to position e in the string. More...
bool | isutf8 (const char *s, const char *e)
| Check if valid UTF-8 encoding and does not include a NUL, but accept surrogates and 3/4 byte overlongs. More...
void | timer_start (timer_type &t)
| Start timer. More...
float | timer_elapsed (timer_type &t)
| Return elapsed time in milliseconds (ms) with microsecond precision since the last call up to 1 minute (wraps if elapsed time exceeds 1 minute!) More...
std::string | latin1 (int a, int b, int esc= 'x', bool brackets=true)
| Convert an 8-bit ASCII + Latin-1 Supplement range [a,b] to a regex pattern. More...
std::string | utf8 (int a, int b, int esc= 'x', const char *par="(", bool strict=true)
| Convert a UCS-4 range [a,b] to a UTF-8 regex pattern. More...
size_t | utf8 (int c, char *s)
| Convert UCS-4 to UTF-8, fills with REFLEX_NONCHAR_UTF8 when out of range, or unrestricted UTF-8 with WITH_UTF8_UNRESTRICTED. More...
int | utf8 (const char *s, const char **r=NULL)
| Convert UTF-8 to UCS, returns REFLEX_NONCHAR for invalid UTF-8 except for MUTF-8 U+0000 and 0xD800-0xDFFF surrogate halves (use WITH_UTF8_UNRESTRICTED to remove any limits on UTF-8 encodings up to 6 bytes). More...
std::wstring | wcs (const char *s, size_t n)
| Convert UTF-8 string to wide string. More...
std::wstring | wcs (const std::string &s)
| Convert UTF-8 string to wide string. More...

## Variables
const unsigned short | codepages [][256]

## Typedef Documentation

typedef int reflex::convert_flag_type

Conversion flags for reflex::convert.

typedef int reflex::regex_error_type

Regex syntax error exception error code.

typedef timeval reflex::timer_type

## Function Documentation

std::string reflex::convert | ( | const char * | pattern,
|  | const char * | signature,
|  | convert_flag_type | flags = `convert_flag::none`,
|  | bool * | multiline = `NULL`,
|  | const std::map< std::string, std::string > * | macros = `NULL`
| ) |  |

Returns the converted regex string given a regex library signature and conversion flags, throws regex_error.

A regex library signature is a string of the form `"decls:escapes?+."`.

The optional `"decls:"` part specifies which modifiers and other special `(?...)` constructs are supported:

- non-capturing group `(?:...)` is supported
- letters and digits specify which modifiers e.g. (?ismx) are supported:
- 'i' specifies that `(?i...)` case-insensitive matching is supported
- 'm' specifies that `(?m...)` multiline mode is supported for the ^ and $ anchors
- 's' specifies that `(?s...)` dotall mode is supported
- 'x' specifies that `(?x...)` freespace mode is supported
- ... any other letter or digit modifier, where digit modifiers support `(?123)` for example
- `#` specifies that `(?#...)` comments are supported
- `=` specifies that `(?=...)` lookahead is supported
- `<` specifies that `(?'...)` 'name' groups are supported
- `<` specifies that `(?<...)` lookbehind and <name> groups are supported
- `>` specifies that `(?>...)` atomic groups are supported
- `>` specifies that `(?|...)` group resets are supported
- `>` specifies that `(?&...)` subroutines are supported
- `>` specifies that `(?(...)` conditionals are supported
- `!` specifies that `(?!=...)` and `(?!<...)` are supported
- `^` specifies that `(?^...)` negative (reflex) patterns are supported
- `*` specifies that `(*VERB)` verbs are supported

The `"escapes"` characters specify which standard escapes are supported:

- `a` for `\a` (BEL U+0007)
- `b` for `\b` the `\b` word boundary
- `c` for `\cX` control character specified by `X` modulo 32
- `d` for `\d` digit `[0-9]` ASCII or Unicode digit
- `e` for `\e` ESC U+001B
- `f` for `\f` FF U+000C
- `j` for `\g` group capture e.g. {1}
- `h` for `\h` ASCII blank `[ \t]` (SP U+0020 or TAB U+0009)
- `i` for `\i` reflex indent anchor
- `j` for `\j` reflex dedent anchor
- `j` for `\k` reflex undent anchor or group capture e.g. {1}
- `l` for `\l` lower case letter `[a-z]` ASCII or Unicode letter
- `n` for `\n` LF U+000A
- `o` for `\o` octal ASCII or Unicode code
- `p` for `\p{C}` Unicode character classes, also implies Unicode ., {X}, , , , , , and UTF-8 patterns
- `r` for `\r` CR U+000D
- `s` for `\s` space (SP, TAB, LF, VT, FF, or CR)
- `t` for `\t` TAB U+0009
- `u` for `\u` ASCII upper case letter `[A-Z]` (when not followed by `{XXXX}`)
- `v` for `\v` VT U+000B
- `w` for `\w` ASCII word-like character `[0-9A-Z_a-z]`
- `x` for `\xXX` 8-bit character encoding in hexadecimal
- `y` for `\y` word boundary
- `z` for `\z` end of input anchor
- ``for `\` begin of input anchor
- `'` for `\'` end of input anchor
- `<` for `\<` left word boundary
- `>` for `\>` right word boundary
- `A` for `\A` begin of input anchor
- `B` for `\B` non-word boundary
- `D` for `\D` ASCII non-digit `[^0-9]`
- `H` for `\H` ASCII non-blank `[^ \t]`
- `L` for `\L` ASCII non-lower case letter `[^a-z]`
- `N` for `\N` not a newline
- `P` for `\P{C}` Unicode inverse character classes, see 'p'
- `Q` for `\Q...\E` quotations
- `R` for `\R` Unicode line break
- `S` for `\S` ASCII non-space (no SP, TAB, LF, VT, FF, or CR)
- `U` for `\U` ASCII non-upper case letter `[^A-Z]`
- `W` for `\W` ASCII non-word-like character `[^0-9A-Z_a-z]`
- `X` for `\X` any Unicode character
- `Z` for `\Z` end of input anchor, before the final line break
- `0` for `\0nnn` 8-bit character encoding in octal requires a leading `0`
- '1' to '9' for backreferences (not applicable to lexer specifications)

Note that 'p' is a special case to support Unicode-based matchers that natively support UTF8 patterns and Unicode classes ``{C}, {C}, , , , , , , , , , and {X}. Basically, 'p' prevents conversion of Unicode patterns to UTF8. This special case does not support {NAME} expansions in bracket lists such as [a-z||{upper}] and {lower}{+}{upper} used in lexer specifications.

The optional `"?+"` specify lazy and possessive support:

- `?` lazy quantifiers for repeats are supported
- `+` possessive quantifiers for repeats are supported

An optional `"."` (dot) specifies that dot matches any character except newline. A dot is implied by the presence of the 's' modifier, and can be omitted in that case.

An optional `"["` specifies that bracket list union, intersection, and subtraction are supported, i.e. [–[a-z]].

Parameters

  pattern | regex string pattern to convert
  signature | regex library signature
  flags | conversion flags
  multiline | set to true if pattern may be multiline
  macros | {name} macros to expand

std::string reflex::convert | ( | const std::string & | pattern,
|  | const char * | signature,
|  | convert_flag_type | flags = `convert_flag::none`,
|  | bool * | multiline = `NULL`,
|  | const std::map< std::string, std::string > * | macros = `NULL`
| ) |  |
| inline

template<typename S1 , typename S2 >

bool reflex::is_disjoint | ( | const S1 & | s1,
|  | const S2 & | s2
| ) |  |

Check if sets `s1` and `s2` are disjoint.

Returns
  true or false

template<typename T , typename S >

bool reflex::is_in_set | ( | const T & | x,
|  | const S & | s
| ) |  |
| inline

Check if value `x` is in set `s`.

Returns
  true or false

template<typename S1 , typename S2 >

bool reflex::is_subset | ( | const S1 & | s1,
|  | const S2 & | s2
| ) |  |

Check if set `s1` is a subset of set `s2`.

Returns
  true or false

bool reflex::isutf8 | ( | const char * | s,
|  | const char * | e
| ) |  |

Check if valid UTF-8 encoding and does not include a NUL, but accept surrogates and 3/4 byte overlongs.

int reflex::isword | ( | int | c | ) |
| inline

Check ASCII word-like character `[A-Za-z0-9_]`, permitting the character range 0..303 (0x12f) and EOF.

Returns
  nonzero if argument c is in `[A-Za-z0-9_]`, zero otherwise

Parameters

  c | Character to check

std::string reflex::latin1 | ( | int | a,
|  | int | b,
|  | int | esc = `'x'`,
|  | bool | brackets = `true`
| ) |  |

Convert an 8-bit ASCII + Latin-1 Supplement range [a,b] to a regex pattern.

Returns
  regex string to match the UCS range encoded in UTF-8

Parameters

  a | lower bound of UCS range
  b | upper bound of UCS range
  esc | escape char 'x' for hex , or '0' or '\0' for octal \0nnn and
  brackets | place in [ brackets ]

size_t reflex::nlcount | ( | const char * | s,
|  | const char * | e
| ) |  |

Count newlines in string s up to position e in the string.

template<typename S , typename E >

void reflex::set_add | ( | S & | s,
|  | const E & | e
| ) |  |
| inline

Insert element `e` into set `s`.

template<typename S1 , typename S2 >

void reflex::set_delete | ( | S1 & | s1,
|  | const S2 & | s2
| ) |  |

Delete elements of set `s2` from set `s1`.

template<typename S , typename E >

void reflex::set_erase | ( | S & | s,
|  | const E & | e
| ) |  |

Remove element `e` from set `s` when present.

template<typename S1 , typename S2 >

void reflex::set_insert | ( | S1 & | s1,
|  | const S2 & | s2
| ) |  |
| inline

Insert set `s2` into set `s1`.

bool reflex::supports_escape | ( | const char * | signature,
|  | int | escape
| ) |  |
| inline

bool reflex::supports_modifier | ( | const char * | signature,
|  | int | modchar
| ) |  |
| inline

float reflex::timer_elapsed | ( | timer_type & | t | ) |
| inline

Return elapsed time in milliseconds (ms) with microsecond precision since the last call up to 1 minute (wraps if elapsed time exceeds 1 minute!)

Parameters

  t | timer to be updated

void reflex::timer_start | ( | timer_type & | t | ) |
| inline

Start timer.

Parameters

  t | timer to be initialized

std::string reflex::utf8 | ( | int | a,
|  | int | b,
|  | int | esc = `'x'`,
|  | const char * | par = `"("`,
|  | bool | strict = `true`
| ) |  |

Convert a UCS-4 range [a,b] to a UTF-8 regex pattern.

Returns
  regex string to match the UCS range encoded in UTF-8

Parameters

  a | lower bound of UCS range
  b | upper bound of UCS range
  esc | escape char 'x' for hex , or '0' or '\0' for octal \0nnn and
  par | capturing or non-capturing parenthesis "(?:"
  strict | returned regex is strict UTF-8 (true) or permissive and lean UTF-8 (false)

size_t reflex::utf8 | ( | int | c,
|  | char * | s
| ) |  |
| inline

Convert UCS-4 to UTF-8, fills with REFLEX_NONCHAR_UTF8 when out of range, or unrestricted UTF-8 with WITH_UTF8_UNRESTRICTED.

Returns
  length (in bytes) of UTF-8 character sequence stored in s

Parameters

  c | UCS-4 character U+0000 to U+10ffff (unless WITH_UTF8_UNRESTRICTED)
  s | points to the buffer to populate with UTF-8 (1 to 6 bytes) not NUL-terminated

int reflex::utf8 | ( | const char * | s,
|  | const char ** | r = `NULL`
| ) |  |
| inline

Convert UTF-8 to UCS, returns REFLEX_NONCHAR for invalid UTF-8 except for MUTF-8 U+0000 and 0xD800-0xDFFF surrogate halves (use WITH_UTF8_UNRESTRICTED to remove any limits on UTF-8 encodings up to 6 bytes).

Returns
  UCS character

Parameters

  s | points to the buffer with UTF-8 (1 to 6 bytes)
  r | points to pointer to set to the new position in s after the UTF-8 sequence, optional

std::wstring reflex::wcs | ( | const char * | s,
|  | size_t | n
| ) |  |
| inline

Convert UTF-8 string to wide string.

Returns
  wide string

Parameters

  s | string with UTF-8 to convert
  n | length of the string to convert

std::wstring reflex::wcs | ( | const std::string & | s | ) |
| inline

Convert UTF-8 string to wide string.

Returns
  wide string

Parameters

  s | string with UTF-8 to convert

std::string reflex::ztoa | ( | size_t | n | ) |
| inline

## Variable Documentation

const unsigned short reflex::codepages[][256]