// Copyright Contributors to the OpenImageIO project.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
// https://github.com/AcademySoftwareFoundation/OpenImageIO


#pragma once

#include <cstddef>

#include <OpenImageIO/oiioversion.h>
#include <OpenImageIO/platform.h>


OIIO_NAMESPACE_3_1_BEGIN


/// strided_ptr<T> looks like a 'T*', but it incorporates a stride, so
/// it's not limited to adjacent elements.
/// Operators ++, --, [], and so on, take the stride into account when
/// computing where each "array element" actually exists.
///
/// A strided_ptr<T> is mutable (the values pointed to may be modified),
/// whereas an strided_ptr<const T> is not mutable.
///
/// Fun trick: strided_ptr<T>(&my_value,0) makes a strided_pointer that
/// is addressed like an array, but because the stride is 0, every
/// accessed "element" actually will actually refer to the same value.
///
/// By default, if StrideUnits == sizeof(T), then the stride refers to
/// multiples of the size of T. But every once in a while, you need a
/// a byte-addressable stride, and in that case you use a StrideUnits
/// of 1, like:   strided_ptr<T,1>.
template<typename T, int StrideUnits = sizeof(T)> class strided_ptr {
public:
    constexpr strided_ptr(T* ptr = nullptr, ptrdiff_t stride = 1) noexcept
        : m_ptr(ptr)
        , m_stride(stride)
    {
    }
    constexpr strided_ptr(const strided_ptr& p) noexcept
        : strided_ptr(p.data(), p.stride())
    {
    }

    const strided_ptr& operator=(const strided_ptr& p) noexcept
    {
        m_ptr    = p.m_ptr;
        m_stride = p.m_stride;
        return *this;
    }

    // Assignment of a pointer sets the pointer and implies a stride of 1.
    const strided_ptr& operator=(T* p) noexcept
    {
        m_ptr    = p;
        m_stride = 1;
        return *this;
    }

    constexpr T& operator*() const { return *m_ptr; }
    constexpr T& operator[](ptrdiff_t pos) const { return get(pos); }
    constexpr T* data() const { return m_ptr; }
    constexpr ptrdiff_t stride() const { return m_stride; }

    // Careful: == and != only compare the pointer
    constexpr bool operator==(const T* p) const { return m_ptr == p; }
    constexpr bool operator!=(const T* p) const { return m_ptr != p; }

    // Increment and decrement moves the pointer to the next element
    // one stride length away.
    const strided_ptr& operator++()
    {  // prefix
        m_ptr = getptr(1);
        return *this;
    }
    const strided_ptr operator++(int)
    {  // postfix
        strided_ptr r(*this);
        ++(*this);
        return r;
    }
    const strided_ptr& operator--()
    {  // prefix
        m_ptr = getptr(-1);
        return *this;
    }
    const strided_ptr operator--(int)
    {  // postfix
        strided_ptr r(*this);
        --(*this);
        return r;
    }

    // Addition and subtraction returns new strided pointers that are
    // the given number of strides away.
    constexpr strided_ptr operator+(ptrdiff_t d) const noexcept
    {
        return strided_ptr(getptr(d), m_stride);
    }
    constexpr strided_ptr operator-(ptrdiff_t d) const noexcept
    {
        return strided_ptr(getptr(-d), m_stride);
    }
    const strided_ptr& operator+=(ptrdiff_t d) noexcept
    {
        m_ptr = getptr(d);
        return *this;
    }
    const strided_ptr& operator-=(ptrdiff_t d)
    {
        m_ptr = getptr(-d);
        return *this;
    }

private:
    // The implementation of a strided_ptr is just the pointer and a stride.
    // Note that when computing addressing, the stride is implicitly
    // multiplied by the StrideUnits, which defaults to sizeof(T), but when
    // StrideUnits==1 means that your stride value is measured in bytes.
    T* m_ptr           = nullptr;
    ptrdiff_t m_stride = 1;

    // getptr is the real brains of the operation, computing the pointer
    // for a given element, with strides taken into consideration.
    constexpr inline T* getptr(ptrdiff_t pos = 0) const noexcept
    {
        return (T*)((char*)m_ptr + pos * m_stride * StrideUnits);
    }
    constexpr inline T& get(ptrdiff_t pos = 0) const noexcept
    {
        return *getptr(pos);
    }
};


OIIO_NAMESPACE_3_1_END
