This is nco.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.3 from nco.texi.

INFO-DIR-SECTION netCDF
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* NCO::        User Guide for the netCDF Operator suite
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY

This file documents NCO, a collection of utilities to manipulate and
analyze netCDF files.

   Copyright © 1995-2026 Charlie Zender

   This is the first edition of the ‘NCO User Guide’,
and is consistent with version 2 of ‘texinfo.tex’.

   Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.  The
license is available online at <http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html>

   The original author of this software, Charlie Zender, wants to
improve it with the help of your suggestions, improvements, bug-reports,
and patches.
Charlie Zender <surname at uci dot edu> (yes, my surname is zender)
3200 Croul Hall
Department of Earth System Science
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, CA 92697-3100


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Tag Table:
(Indirect)
Node: Top1118
Node: Foreword2818
Node: Summary9061
Node: Introduction9868
Node: Availability10156
Ref: Availability-Footnote-112337
Node: How to Use This guide12749
Node: Compatability14564
Ref: Compatability-Footnote-120110
Ref: Compatability-Footnote-220258
Node: Windows Operating System20464
Ref: Windows Operating System-Footnote-123066
Node: Symbolic Links23307
Node: Libraries25323
Ref: Libraries-Footnote-126482
Node: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support26666
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-137663
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-237954
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-338320
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-438442
Ref: netCDF2/3/4 and HDF4/5 Support-Footnote-539523
Node: Help Requests and Bug Reports40017
Node: Strategies45226
Node: Philosophy45624
Node: Climate Model Paradigm47162
Node: Temporary Output Files47801
Ref: Temporary Output Files-Footnote-153021
Ref: Temporary Output Files-Footnote-253139
Node: Appending Variables53248
Ref: Appending Variables-Footnote-155341
Ref: Appending Variables-Footnote-255526
Node: Simple Arithmetic and Interpolation55683
Node: Statistics vs Concatenation56438
Ref: Statistics vs Concatenation-Footnote-157653
Ref: Statistics vs Concatenation-Footnote-257930
Node: Concatenation58317
Node: Averaging61993
Node: Interpolating63478
Node: Large Numbers of Files64006
Ref: Large Numbers of Files-Footnote-170003
Node: Large Datasets70339
Node: Memory Requirements73268
Node: Single and Multi-file Operators74719
Ref: Single and Multi-file Operators-Footnote-180508
Node: Memory for ncap280674
Node: Performance82166
Node: Shared features84165
Node: Internationalization85848
Node: Metadata Optimization86432
Node: OpenMP Threading88393
Node: Command Line Options92454
Ref: Command Line Options-Footnote-194951
Node: Truncating Long Options95244
Node: Multi-arguments96940
Ref: Multi-arguments-Footnote-1101525
Node: Sanitization of Input101822
Node: Specifying Input Files104493
Ref: Specifying Input Files-Footnote-1113928
Node: Specifying Output Files114273
Node: Remote storage116070
Ref: Remote storage-Footnote-1121719
Ref: Remote storage-Footnote-2121948
Ref: Remote storage-Footnote-3122302
Node: OPeNDAP122739
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-1129154
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-2129735
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-3130205
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-4130456
Ref: OPeNDAP-Footnote-5130848
Node: Retaining Retrieved Files131113
Node: File Formats and Conversion133377
Node: File Formats134576
Ref: File Formats-Footnote-1138858
Node: Determining File Format139050
Node: File Conversion142611
Ref: File Conversion-Footnote-1144387
Node: Autoconversion144630
Node: Zarr and NCZarr150575
Node: Large File Support154316
Ref: Large File Support-Footnote-1155859
Node: Subsetting Files155897
Ref: Subsetting Files-Footnote-1171503
Node: Subsetting Coordinate Variables171738
Node: Group Path Editing174950
Node: Flattening Groups177132
Node: Moving Groups182272
Ref: Moving Groups-Footnote-1184463
Node: Dismembering Files184652
Node: Checking CF-compliance192797
Ref: Checking CF-compliance-Footnote-1200177
Node: C and Fortran Index Conventions200333
Node: Hyperslabs202140
Node: Stride208921
Node: Record Appending212262
Node: Subcycle216064
Ref: Subcycle-Footnote-1220976
Node: Interleave221086
Node: Multislabs226528
Node: Wrapped Coordinates234480
Node: Auxiliary Coordinates237418
Node: Grid Generation244685
Ref: Grid Generation-Footnote-1272601
Ref: Grid Generation-Footnote-2273063
Node: Regridding273652
Node: Climatology and Bounds Support305589
Node: UDUnits Support309916
Node: Rebasing Time Coordinate319459
Node: Multiple Record Dimensions322516
Node: Missing Values324841
Ref: Missing Values-Footnote-1330777
Ref: Missing Values-Footnote-2331022
Node: Chunking331131
Ref: Chunking-Footnote-1350248
Node: Quantization Algorithms350498
Node: Compression353372
Ref: fgr:qnt_cr_dfl365926
Ref: fgr:qnt_cr_bz2374546
Ref: fgr:qnt_cr_zst377144
Ref: Compression-Footnote-1378181
Ref: Compression-Footnote-2378305
Ref: Compression-Footnote-3378393
Ref: Compression-Footnote-4378489
Ref: Compression-Footnote-5379052
Ref: Compression-Footnote-6379269
Node: Linear Packing379460
Node: Precision-Preserving Compression381009
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-1408112
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-2408482
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-3408904
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-4410023
Ref: Precision-Preserving Compression-Footnote-5411391
Node: Deflation411589
Node: MD5 digests413834
Node: Buffer sizes417811
Ref: Buffer sizes-Footnote-1420268
Node: RAM disks420392
Node: Unbuffered I/O425405
Node: Packed data426704
Ref: Packed data-Footnote-1434540
Ref: Packed data-Footnote-2434717
Node: Operation Types434944
Node: Type Conversion442664
Node: Automatic type conversion443930
Ref: Automatic type conversion-Footnote-1450740
Ref: Automatic type conversion-Footnote-2450763
Ref: Automatic type conversion-Footnote-3450956
Node: Promoting Single-precision to Double451160
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-1470073
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-2470538
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-3471031
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-4471331
Ref: Promoting Single-precision to Double-Footnote-5471436
Node: Manual type conversion471500
Node: Batch Mode472485
Node: Global Attribute Addition473646
Node: Global Attribute Deletion476139
Node: History Attribute477476
Ref: History Attribute-Footnote-1481617
Node: File List Attributes481866
Node: CF Conventions483670
Node: ARM Conventions499891
Node: Operator Version502006
Node: Reference Manual503164
Node: ncap2 netCDF Arithmetic Processor504298
Node: Syntax of ncap2 statements510056
Node: Expressions511428
Node: Dimensions518788
Node: Left hand casting521037
Node: Arrays and hyperslabs525882
Node: Attributes532310
Node: Value List536053
Node: Number literals537308
Node: if statement541261
Node: Print & String methods543485
Node: Missing values ncap2547740
Node: Methods and functions552826
Node: RAM variables560124
Node: Where statement561404
Node: Loops566727
Node: Include files568062
Node: Sort methods569286
Node: UDUnits script580643
Node: Vpointer584363
Node: Irregular grids588845
Node: Bilinear interpolation594374
Node: GSL special functions598624
Ref: GSL special functions-Footnote-1620973
Node: GSL interpolation622293
Node: GSL least-squares fitting624373
Node: GSL statistics628428
Node: GSL random number generation632201
Node: Examples ncap2636706
Node: Intrinsic mathematical methods644277
Ref: Intrinsic mathematical methods-Footnote-1649630
Ref: Intrinsic mathematical methods-Footnote-2650489
Node: Operator precedence and associativity650562
Node: ID Quoting653114
Node: make_bounds() function655655
Node: solar_zenith_angle function656899
Node: ncatted netCDF Attribute Editor658261
Ref: ncatted netCDF Attribute Editor-Footnote-1678966
Node: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator680047
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-1693872
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-2694061
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-3694421
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-4694481
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-5694553
Ref: ncbo netCDF Binary Operator-Footnote-6694759
Node: ncchecker netCDF Compliance Checker695116
Node: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator697180
Ref: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator-Footnote-1784136
Ref: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator-Footnote-2784547
Ref: ncclimo netCDF Climatology Generator-Footnote-3784814
Node: ncecat netCDF Ensemble Concatenator785124
Node: nces netCDF Ensemble Statistics794780
Ref: nces netCDF Ensemble Statistics-Footnote-1804948
Ref: nces netCDF Ensemble Statistics-Footnote-2805226
Node: ncflint netCDF File Interpolator805749
Node: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink814621
Ref: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink-Footnote-1894450
Ref: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink-Footnote-2894768
Ref: ncks netCDF Kitchen Sink-Footnote-3895139
Node: Filters for ncks895254
Node: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly911799
Ref: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly-Footnote-1933850
Ref: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly-Footnote-2933955
Ref: ncpdq netCDF Permute Dimensions Quickly-Footnote-3934536
Node: ncra netCDF Record Averager934808
Node: ncrcat netCDF Record Concatenator946017
Node: ncremap netCDF Remapper950656
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-11104210
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-21104621
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-31104704
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-41104846
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-51105126
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-61105593
Ref: ncremap netCDF Remapper-Footnote-71105879
Node: ncrename netCDF Renamer1105953
Node: ncwa netCDF Weighted Averager1125693
Ref: ncwa netCDF Weighted Averager-Footnote-11131153
Ref: ncwa netCDF Weighted Averager-Footnote-21131294
Node: Mask condition1131500
Ref: Mask condition-Footnote-11132975
Node: Normalization and Integration1133175
Ref: Normalization and Integration-Footnote-11138980
Ref: Normalization and Integration-Footnote-21139054
Ref: Normalization and Integration-Footnote-31139178
Node: Contributing1139347
Ref: Contributing-Footnote-11140082
Node: Contributors1140496
Node: Citation1145137
Node: Proposals for Institutional Funding1146503
Node: Quick Start1147678
Node: Daily data in one file1148155
Node: Monthly data in one file1149577
Node: One time point one file1151247
Node: Multiple files with multiple time points1152204
Node: CMIP5 Example1152696
Node: Combine Files1155432
Node: Global Distribution of Long-term Average1164886
Ref: fgr:glb1165122
Node: Annual Average over Regions1169897
Ref: fgr:anl1170107
Node: Monthly Cycle1183004
Ref: fgr:mon1183163
Node: Regrid MODIS Data1190227
Node: Add Coordinates to MODIS Data1197787
Node: Permute MODIS Coordinates1199789
Node: Parallel1202844
Node: CCSM Example1203196
Node: mybibnode1215881
Ref: ZeM071216006
Ref: Zen081216237
Ref: WZJ071216445
Ref: ZMW061216831
Ref: ZeW071217071
Ref: WZJ061217486
Ref: WZJ0731217676
Ref: WZJ0741218124
Ref: WZJ0811218326
Ref: WZJ0911218606
Ref: PFT881218824
Node: General Index1218951

End Tag Table


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