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# QDomDocument Class Reference
[QtXml module]

The QDomDocument class represents an XML document. More...

Inherits QDomNode.

### Methods

- __init__ (self)
- __init__ (self, QString name)
- __init__ (self, QDomDocumentType doctype)
- __init__ (self, QDomDocument x)
- QDomAttr createAttribute (self, QString name)
- QDomAttr createAttributeNS (self, QString nsURI, QString qName)
- QDomCDATASection createCDATASection (self, QString data)
- QDomComment createComment (self, QString data)
- QDomDocumentFragment createDocumentFragment (self)
- QDomElement createElement (self, QString tagName)
- QDomElement createElementNS (self, QString nsURI, QString qName)
- QDomEntityReference createEntityReference (self, QString name)
- QDomProcessingInstruction createProcessingInstruction (self, QString target, QString data)
- QDomText createTextNode (self, QString data)
- QDomDocumentType doctype (self)
- QDomElement documentElement (self)
- QDomElement elementById (self, QString elementId)
- QDomNodeList elementsByTagName (self, QString tagname)
- QDomNodeList elementsByTagNameNS (self, QString nsURI, QString localName)
- QDomImplementation implementation (self)
- QDomNode importNode (self, QDomNode importedNode, bool deep)
- QDomNode.NodeType nodeType (self)
- (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) setContent (self, QByteArray data, bool namespaceProcessing)
- (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) setContent (self, QString text, bool namespaceProcessing)
- (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) setContent (self, QIODevice dev, bool namespaceProcessing)
- (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) setContent (self, QXmlInputSource source, bool namespaceProcessing)
- (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) setContent (self, QByteArray buffer)
- (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) setContent (self, QString text)
- (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) setContent (self, QIODevice dev)
- (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) setContent (self, QXmlInputSource source, QXmlReader reader)
- QByteArray toByteArray (self, int indent = 1)
- QString toString (self, int indent = 1)

## Detailed Description

The QDomDocument class represents an XML document.

The QDomDocument class represents the entire XML document. Conceptually, it is the root of the document tree, and provides the primary access to the document's data.

Since elements, text nodes, comments, processing instructions, etc., cannot exist outside the context of a document, the document class also contains the factory functions needed to create these objects. The node objects created have an ownerDocument() function which associates them with the document within whose context they were created. The DOM classes that will be used most often are QDomNode, QDomDocument, QDomElement and QDomText.

The parsed XML is represented internally by a tree of objects that can be accessed using the various QDom classes. All QDom classes only reference objects in the internal tree. The internal objects in the DOM tree will get deleted once the last QDom object referencing them and the QDomDocument itself are deleted.

Creation of elements, text nodes, etc. is done using the various factory functions provided in this class. Using the default constructors of the QDom classes will only result in empty objects that cannot be manipulated or inserted into the Document.

The QDomDocument class has several functions for creating document data, for example, createElement(), createTextNode(), createComment(), createCDATASection(), createProcessingInstruction(), createAttribute() and createEntityReference(). Some of these functions have versions that support namespaces, i.e. createElementNS() and createAttributeNS(). The createDocumentFragment() function is used to hold parts of the document; this is useful for manipulating for complex documents.

The entire content of the document is set with setContent(). This function parses the string it is passed as an XML document and creates the DOM tree that represents the document. The root element is available using documentElement(). The textual representation of the document can be obtained using toString().

Note: The DOM tree might end up reserving a lot of memory if the XML document is big. For big XML documents, the QXmlStreamReader or the QXmlQuery classes might be better solutions.

It is possible to insert a node from another document into the document using importNode().

You can obtain a list of all the elements that have a particular tag with elementsByTagName() or with elementsByTagNameNS().

The QDom classes are typically used as follows:

     QDomDocument doc("mydocument");
     QFile file("mydocument.xml");
     if (!file.open(QIODevice.ReadOnly))
         return;
     if (!doc.setContent(&file)) {
         file.close();
         return;
     }
     file.close();

     // print out the element names of all elements that are direct children
     // of the outermost element.
     QDomElement docElem = doc.documentElement();

     QDomNode n = docElem.firstChild();
     while(!n.isNull()) {
         QDomElement e = n.toElement(); // try to convert the node to an element.
         if(!e.isNull()) {
             cout << qPrintable(e.tagName()) << endl; // the node really is an element.
         }
         n = n.nextSibling();
     }

     // Here we append a new element to the end of the document
     QDomElement elem = doc.createElement("img");
     elem.setAttribute("src", "myimage.png");
     docElem.appendChild(elem);

Once `doc` and `elem` go out of scope, the whole internal tree representing the XML document is deleted.

To create a document using DOM use code like this:

     QDomDocument doc("MyML");
     QDomElement root = doc.createElement("MyML");
     doc.appendChild(root);

     QDomElement tag = doc.createElement("Greeting");
     root.appendChild(tag);

     QDomText t = doc.createTextNode("Hello World");
     tag.appendChild(t);

     QString xml = doc.toString();

For further information about the Document Object Model see the Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 and Level 2 Core Specifications.

## Method Documentation

### QDomDocument.__init__ (self)

Constructs an empty document.

### QDomDocument.__init__ (self, QString name)

Creates a document and sets the name of the document type to name.

### QDomDocument.__init__ (self, QDomDocumentType doctype)

Creates a document with the document type doctype.

See also QDomImplementation.createDocumentType().

### QDomDocument.__init__ (self, QDomDocument x)

Constructs a copy of x.

The data of the copy is shared (shallow copy): modifying one node will also change the other. If you want to make a deep copy, use cloneNode().

### QDomAttr QDomDocument.createAttribute (self, QString name)

Creates a new attribute called name that can be inserted into an element, e.g. using QDomElement.setAttributeNode().

If name is not a valid XML name, the behavior of this function is governed by QDomImplementation.InvalidDataPolicy.

See also createAttributeNS().

### QDomAttr QDomDocument.createAttributeNS (self, QString nsURI, QString qName)

Creates a new attribute with namespace support that can be inserted into an element. The name of the attribute is qName and the namespace URI is nsURI. This function also sets QDomNode.prefix() and QDomNode.localName() to appropriate values (depending on qName).

If qName is not a valid XML name, the behavior of this function is governed by QDomImplementation.InvalidDataPolicy.

See also createAttribute().

### QDomCDATASection QDomDocument.createCDATASection (self, QString data)

Creates a new CDATA section for the string value that can be inserted into the document, e.g. using QDomNode.appendChild().

If value contains characters which cannot be stored in a CDATA section, the behavior of this function is governed by QDomImplementation.InvalidDataPolicy.

See also QDomNode.appendChild(), QDomNode.insertBefore(), and QDomNode.insertAfter().

### QDomComment QDomDocument.createComment (self, QString data)

Creates a new comment for the string value that can be inserted into the document, e.g. using QDomNode.appendChild().

If value contains characters which cannot be stored in an XML comment, the behavior of this function is governed by QDomImplementation.InvalidDataPolicy.

See also QDomNode.appendChild(), QDomNode.insertBefore(), and QDomNode.insertAfter().

### QDomDocumentFragment QDomDocument.createDocumentFragment (self)

Creates a new document fragment, that can be used to hold parts of the document, e.g. when doing complex manipulations of the document tree.

### QDomElement QDomDocument.createElement (self, QString tagName)

Creates a new element called tagName that can be inserted into the DOM tree, e.g. using QDomNode.appendChild().

If tagName is not a valid XML name, the behavior of this function is governed by QDomImplementation.InvalidDataPolicy.

QDomNode.insertAfter()

See also createElementNS(), QDomNode.appendChild(), and QDomNode.insertBefore().

### QDomElement QDomDocument.createElementNS (self, QString nsURI, QString qName)

Creates a new element with namespace support that can be inserted into the DOM tree. The name of the element is qName and the namespace URI is nsURI. This function also sets QDomNode.prefix() and QDomNode.localName() to appropriate values (depending on qName).

If qName is an empty string, returns a null element regardless of whether the invalid data policy is set.

See also createElement().

### QDomEntityReference QDomDocument.createEntityReference (self, QString name)

Creates a new entity reference called name that can be inserted into the document, e.g. using QDomNode.appendChild().

If name is not a valid XML name, the behavior of this function is governed by QDomImplementation.InvalidDataPolicy.

See also QDomNode.appendChild(), QDomNode.insertBefore(), and QDomNode.insertAfter().

### QDomProcessingInstruction QDomDocument.createProcessingInstruction (self, QString target, QString data)

Creates a new processing instruction that can be inserted into the document, e.g. using QDomNode.appendChild(). This function sets the target for the processing instruction to target and the data to data.

If target is not a valid XML name, or data if contains characters which cannot appear in a processing instruction, the behavior of this function is governed by QDomImplementation.InvalidDataPolicy.

See also QDomNode.appendChild(), QDomNode.insertBefore(), and QDomNode.insertAfter().

### QDomText QDomDocument.createTextNode (self, QString data)

Creates a text node for the string value that can be inserted into the document tree, e.g. using QDomNode.appendChild().

If value contains characters which cannot be stored as character data of an XML document (even in the form of character references), the behavior of this function is governed by QDomImplementation.InvalidDataPolicy.

See also QDomNode.appendChild(), QDomNode.insertBefore(), and QDomNode.insertAfter().

### QDomDocumentType QDomDocument.doctype (self)

Returns the document type of this document.

### QDomElement QDomDocument.documentElement (self)

Returns the root element of the document.

### QDomElement QDomDocument.elementById (self, QString elementId)

Returns the element whose ID is equal to elementId. If no element with the ID was found, this function returns a null element.

Since the QDomClasses do not know which attributes are element IDs, this function returns always a null element. This may change in a future version.

### QDomNodeList QDomDocument.elementsByTagName (self, QString tagname)

Returns a QDomNodeList, that contains all the elements in the document with the name tagname. The order of the node list is the order they are encountered in a preorder traversal of the element tree.

See also elementsByTagNameNS() and QDomElement.elementsByTagName().

### QDomNodeList QDomDocument.elementsByTagNameNS (self, QString nsURI, QString localName)

Returns a QDomNodeList that contains all the elements in the document with the local name localName and a namespace URI of nsURI. The order of the node list is the order they are encountered in a preorder traversal of the element tree.

See also elementsByTagName() and QDomElement.elementsByTagNameNS().

### QDomImplementation QDomDocument.implementation (self)

Returns a QDomImplementation object.

### QDomNode QDomDocument.importNode (self, QDomNode importedNode, bool deep)

Imports the node importedNode from another document to this document. importedNode remains in the original document; this function creates a copy that can be used within this document.

This function returns the imported node that belongs to this document. The returned node has no parent. It is not possible to import QDomDocument and QDomDocumentType nodes. In those cases this function returns a null node.

If deep is true, this function imports not only the node importedNode but its whole subtree; if it is false, only the importedNode is imported. The argument deep has no effect on QDomAttr and QDomEntityReference nodes, since the descendants of QDomAttr nodes are always imported and those of QDomEntityReference nodes are never imported.

The behavior of this function is slightly different depending on the node types:

Node Type | Behavior
--- | ---
QDomAttr | The owner element is set to 0 and the specified flag is set to true in the generated attribute. The whole subtree of importedNode is always imported for attribute nodes: deep has no effect.
QDomDocument | Document nodes cannot be imported.
QDomDocumentFragment | If deep is true, this function imports the whole document fragment; otherwise it only generates an empty document fragment.
QDomDocumentType | Document type nodes cannot be imported.
QDomElement | Attributes for which QDomAttr.specified() is true are also imported, other attributes are not imported. If deep is true, this function also imports the subtree of importedNode; otherwise it imports only the element node (and some attributes, see above).
QDomEntity | Entity nodes can be imported, but at the moment there is no way to use them since the document type is read-only in DOM level 2.
QDomEntityReference | Descendants of entity reference nodes are never imported: deep has no effect.
QDomNotation | Notation nodes can be imported, but at the moment there is no way to use them since the document type is read-only in DOM level 2.
QDomProcessingInstruction | The target and value of the processing instruction is copied to the new node.
QDomText | The text is copied to the new node.
QDomCDATASection | The text is copied to the new node.
QDomComment | The text is copied to the new node.

QDomNode.insertAfter() QDomNode.replaceChild() QDomNode.removeChild() QDomNode.appendChild()

See also QDomElement.setAttribute() and QDomNode.insertBefore().

### QDomNode.NodeType QDomDocument.nodeType (self)

Returns `DocumentNode`.

### (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) QDomDocument.setContent (self, QByteArray data, bool namespaceProcessing)

This function parses the XML document from the byte array data and sets it as the content of the document. It tries to detect the encoding of the document as required by the XML specification.

If namespaceProcessing is true, the parser recognizes namespaces in the XML file and sets the prefix name, local name and namespace URI to appropriate values. If namespaceProcessing is false, the parser does no namespace processing when it reads the XML file.

If a parse error occurs, this function returns false and the error message is placed in `*`errorMsg, the line number in `*`errorLine and the column number in `*`errorColumn (unless the associated pointer is set to 0); otherwise this function returns true. The various error messages are described in the QXmlParseException class documentation. Note that, if you want to display these error messages to your application's users, they will be displayed in English unless they are explicitly translated.

If namespaceProcessing is true, the function QDomNode.prefix() returns a string for all elements and attributes. It returns an empty string if the element or attribute has no prefix.

Text nodes consisting only of whitespace are stripped and won't appear in the QDomDocument. If this behavior is not desired, one can use the setContent() overload that allows a QXmlReader to be supplied.

If namespaceProcessing is false, the functions QDomNode.prefix(), QDomNode.localName() and QDomNode.namespaceURI() return an empty string.

Entity references are handled as follows:

- References to internal general entities and character entities occurring in the content are included. The result is a QDomText node with the references replaced by their corresponding entity values.
- References to parameter entities occurring in the internal subset are included. The result is a QDomDocumentType node which contains entity and notation declarations with the references replaced by their corresponding entity values.
- Any general parsed entity reference which is not defined in the internal subset and which occurs in the content is represented as a QDomEntityReference node.
- Any parsed entity reference which is not defined in the internal subset and which occurs outside of the content is replaced with an empty string.
- Any unparsed entity reference is replaced with an empty string.

QDomNode.prefix() QString.isNull() QString.isEmpty()

Warning: This function is not reentrant.

See also QDomNode.namespaceURI() and QDomNode.localName().

### (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) QDomDocument.setContent (self, QString text, bool namespaceProcessing)

This is an overloaded function.

This function reads the XML document from the string text, returning true if the content was successfully parsed; otherwise returns false. Since text is already a Unicode string, no encoding detection is done.

### (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) QDomDocument.setContent (self, QIODevice dev, bool namespaceProcessing)

This is an overloaded function.

This function reads the XML document from the IO device dev, returning true if the content was successfully parsed; otherwise returns false.

### (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) QDomDocument.setContent (self, QXmlInputSource source, bool namespaceProcessing)

This is an overloaded function.

This function reads the XML document from the QXmlInputSource source, returning true if the content was successfully parsed; otherwise returns false.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.5.

### (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) QDomDocument.setContent (self, QByteArray buffer)

This is an overloaded function.

This function reads the XML document from the string text, returning true if the content was successfully parsed; otherwise returns false. Since text is already a Unicode string, no encoding detection is performed.

No namespace processing is performed either.

### (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) QDomDocument.setContent (self, QString text)

This is an overloaded function.

This function reads the XML document from the byte array buffer, returning true if the content was successfully parsed; otherwise returns false.

No namespace processing is performed.

### (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) QDomDocument.setContent (self, QIODevice dev)

This is an overloaded function.

This function reads the XML document from the IO device dev, returning true if the content was successfully parsed; otherwise returns false.

No namespace processing is performed.

### (bool, QString errorMsg, int errorLine, int errorColumn) QDomDocument.setContent (self, QXmlInputSource source, QXmlReader reader)

This is an overloaded function.

This function reads the XML document from the QXmlInputSource source and parses it with the QXmlReader reader, returning true if the content was successfully parsed; otherwise returns false.

This function doesn't change the features of the reader. If you want to use certain features for parsing you can use this function to set up the reader appropriately.

See also QXmlSimpleReader.

### QByteArray QDomDocument.toByteArray (self, int indent = 1)

Converts the parsed document back to its textual representation and returns a QByteArray containing the data encoded as UTF-8.

This function uses indent as the amount of space to indent subelements.

See also toString().

### QString QDomDocument.toString (self, int indent = 1)

Converts the parsed document back to its textual representation.

This function uses indent as the amount of space to indent subelements.

If indent is -1, no whitespace at all is added.