BIND 9

        BIND version 9 is a major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the
        underlying BIND architecture.  Some of the important features of
        BIND 9 are:

                - DNS Security
                        DNSSEC (signed zones)
                        TSIG (signed DNS requests)

                - IP version 6
                        Answers DNS queries on IPv6 sockets
                        IPv6 resource records (AAAA)
                        Experimental IPv6 Resolver Library

                - DNS Protocol Enhancements
                        IXFR, DDNS, Notify, EDNS0
                        Improved standards conformance

                - Views
                        One server process can provide multiple "views" of
                        the DNS namespace, e.g. an "inside" view to certain
                        clients, and an "outside" view to others.

                - Multiprocessor Support

                - Improved Portability Architecture


        BIND version 9 development has been underwritten by the following
        organizations:

                Sun Microsystems, Inc.
                Hewlett Packard
                Compaq Computer Corporation
                IBM
                Process Software Corporation
                Silicon Graphics, Inc.
                Network Associates, Inc.
                U.S. Defense Information Systems Agency
                USENIX Association
                Stichting NLnet - NLnet Foundation
                Nominum, Inc.

        For a summary of functional enhancements in previous
        releases, see the HISTORY file.

        For a detailed list of user-visible changes from
        previous releases, see the CHANGES file.

        For up-to-date release notes and errata, see
        http://www.isc.org/software/bind9/releasenotes

BIND 9.10.0

        BIND 9.10.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.9 and earlier
        releases.  New features include:

         - DNS Response-rate limiting (DNS RRL) blunts the impact of
           reflection and amplification attacks.
         - New zone file format "map" is an image of a zone database
           that can be loaded directly into memory, allowing much faster
           zone loading.
         - Substantial improvement in response-policy zone (RPZ)
           performance.  Up to 32 response-policy zones can be
           configured with minimal performance loss.
         - New RPZ client-IP triggers and drop policies.
         - ACLs can now be specified based on geographic location
           using the MacMind GeoIP databases.
         - New XML schema (version 3) for the statistics channel
           includes many new statistics and uses a flattened XML tree
           for faster parsing.
         - A new stylesheet, based on the Google Charts API, displays
           XML statistics in charts and graphs on javascript-enabled
           browsers.
         - The statistics channel can now provide data in JSON
           format as well as XML.
         - The internal and export versions of the BIND libraries
           (libisc, libdns, etc) have been unified so that external
           library clients can use the same libraries as BIND itself.
         - New 'dnssec-coverage' tool to check DNSSEC key coverage
           for a zone and report if a lapse in signing coverage has
           been inadvertently scheduled.
         - Signing algorithm flexibility and other improvements
           for the "rndc" control channel.
         - 'named-checkzone' and 'named-compilezone' can now read
           journal files, allowing them to process dynamic zones.
         - Multiple DLZ databases can now be configured.  Individual
           zones can be configured to be served from a specific DLZ
           database.  DLZ databases now serve zones of type "master"
           and "redirect".
         - "rndc zonestatus" reports information about a specified zone.
         - "named" now listens on IPv6 as well as IPv4 interfaces
           by default.
	 - "named" now preserves the capitalization of names when
           responding to queries.
         - New 'named-rrchecker' tool to verify the syntactic
           correctness of individual resource records.

BIND 9.9.0

        BIND 9.9.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.8 and earlier
        releases.  New features include:

        - Inline signing, allowing automatic DNSSEC signing of
          master zones without modification of the zonefile, or
          "bump in the wire" signing in slaves.
        - NXDOMAIN redirection.
        - New 'rndc flushtree' command clears all data under a given
          name from the DNS cache.
        - New 'rndc sync' command dumps pending changes in a dynamic
          zone to disk without a freeze/thaw cycle.
        - New 'rndc signing' command displays or clears signing status
          records in 'auto-dnssec' zones.
        - NSEC3 parameters for 'auto-dnssec' zones can now be set prior
          to signing, eliminating the need to initially sign with NSEC.
        - Startup time improvements on large authoritative servers.
        - Slave zones are now saved in raw format by default.
        - Several improvements to response policy zones (RPZ).
        - Improved hardware scalability by using multiple threads
          to listen for queries and using finer-grained client locking
        - The 'also-notify' option now takes the same syntax as
          'masters', so it can used named masterlists and TSIG keys.
        - 'dnssec-signzone -D' writes an output file containing only DNSSEC
          data, which can be included by the primary zone file.
        - 'dnssec-signzone -R' forces removal of signatures that are
          not expired but were created by a key which no longer exists.
        - 'dnssec-signzone -X' allows a separate expiration date to
          be specified for DNSKEY signatures from other signatures.
        - New '-L' option to dnssec-keygen, dnssec-settime, and
          dnssec-keyfromlabel sets the default TTL for the key.
        - dnssec-dsfromkey now supports reading from standard input,
          to make it easier to convert DNSKEY to DS.
        - RFC 1918 reverse zones have been added to the empty-zones
          table per RFC 6303.
        - Dynamic updates can now optionally set the zone's SOA serial
          number to the current UNIX time.
        - DLZ modules can now retrieve the source IP address of
          the querying client.
        - 'request-ixfr' option can now be set at the per-zone level.
        - 'dig +rrcomments' turns on comments about DNSKEY records,
          indicating their key ID, algorithm and function
        - Simplified nsupdate syntax and added readline support

Building

        BIND 9 currently requires a UNIX system with an ANSI C compiler,
        basic POSIX support, and a 64 bit integer type.

        We've had successful builds and tests on the following systems:

                COMPAQ Tru64 UNIX 5.1B
                Fedora Core 6
                FreeBSD 4.10, 5.2.1, 6.2
                HP-UX 11.11
                Mac OS X 10.5
                NetBSD 3.x, 4.0-beta, 5.0-beta
                OpenBSD 3.3 and up
                Solaris 8, 9, 9 (x86), 10
                Ubuntu 7.04, 7.10
                Windows XP/2003/2008

        NOTE:  As of BIND 9.5.1, 9.4.3, and 9.3.6, older versions of
        Windows, including Windows NT and Windows 2000, are no longer
        supported.

        We have recent reports from the user community that a supported
        version of BIND will build and run on the following systems:

                AIX 4.3, 5L
                CentOS 4, 4.5, 5
                Darwin 9.0.0d1/ARM
                Debian 4, 5, 6
                Fedora Core 5, 7, 8
                FreeBSD 6, 7, 8
                HP-UX 11.23 PA
                MacOS X 10.5, 10.6, 10.7
                Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4, 5, 6
                SCO OpenServer 5.0.6
                Slackware 9, 10
                SuSE 9, 10

        To build, just

                ./configure
                make

        Do not use a parallel "make".

        Several environment variables that can be set before running
        configure will affect compilation:

            CC
                The C compiler to use.  configure tries to figure
                out the right one for supported systems.

            CFLAGS
                C compiler flags.  Defaults to include -g and/or -O2
                as supported by the compiler.  Please include '-g'
                if you need to set CFLAGS.

            STD_CINCLUDES
                System header file directories.  Can be used to specify
                where add-on thread or IPv6 support is, for example.
                Defaults to empty string.

            STD_CDEFINES
                Any additional preprocessor symbols you want defined.
                Defaults to empty string.

                Possible settings:
                Change the default syslog facility of named/lwresd.
                  -DISC_FACILITY=LOG_LOCAL0
                Enable DNSSEC signature chasing support in dig.
                  -DDIG_SIGCHASE=1 (sets -DDIG_SIGCHASE_TD=1 and
                                    -DDIG_SIGCHASE_BU=1)
                Disable dropping queries from particular well known ports.
                  -DNS_CLIENT_DROPPORT=0
                Sibling glue checking in named-checkzone is enabled by default.
                To disable the default check set.  -DCHECK_SIBLING=0
                named-checkzone checks out-of-zone addresses by default.
                To disable this default set.  -DCHECK_LOCAL=0
                To create the default pid files in ${localstatedir}/run rather
                than ${localstatedir}/run/{named,lwresd}/ set.
                  -DNS_RUN_PID_DIR=0
                Enable workaround for Solaris kernel bug about /dev/poll
                  -DISC_SOCKET_USE_POLLWATCH=1
                  The watch timeout is also configurable, e.g.,
                  -DISC_SOCKET_POLLWATCH_TIMEOUT=20

            LDFLAGS
                Linker flags. Defaults to empty string.

        The following need to be set when cross compiling.

            BUILD_CC
                The native C compiler.
            BUILD_CFLAGS (optional)
            BUILD_CPPFLAGS (optional)
                Possible Settings:
                -DNEED_OPTARG=1         (optarg is not declared in <unistd.h>)
            BUILD_LDFLAGS (optional)
            BUILD_LIBS (optional)

        On most platforms, BIND 9 is built with multithreading
        support, allowing it to take advantage of multiple CPUs.
        You can configure this by specifying "--enable-threads" or
        "--disable-threads" on the configure command line.  The default
        is to enable threads, except on some older operating systems
        on which threads are known to have had problems in the past.
        (Note: Prior to BIND 9.10, the default was to disable threads on
        Linux systems; this has been reversed.  On Linux systems, the
        threaded build is known to change BIND's behavior with respect
        to file permissions; it may be necessary to specify a user with
        the -u option when running named.)

        To build shared libraries, specify "--with-libtool" on the
        configure command line.

        For the server to support DNSSEC, you need to build it
        with crypto support.  You must have OpenSSL 0.9.5a
        or newer installed and specify "--with-openssl" on the
        configure command line.  If OpenSSL is installed under
        a nonstandard prefix, you can tell configure where to
        look for it using "--with-openssl=/prefix".

        To support the HTTP statistics channel, the server must
        be linked with at least one of the following: libxml2
        (http://xmlsoft.org) or json-c (https://github.com/json-c).
        If these are installed at a nonstandard prefix, use
        "--with-libxml2=/prefix" or "--with-libjson=/prefix".

        On some platforms it is necessary to explictly request large
        file support to handle files bigger than 2GB.  This can be
        done by "--enable-largefile" on the configure command line.

        Support for the "fixed" rrset-order option can be enabled
        or disabled by specifying "--enable-fixed-rrset" or
        "--disable-fixed-rrset" on the configure command line.
        The default is "disabled", to reduce memory footprint.

        If your operating system has integrated support for IPv6, it
        will be used automatically.  If you have installed KAME IPv6
        separately, use "--with-kame[=PATH]" to specify its location.

        "make install" will install "named" and the various BIND 9 libraries.
        By default, installation is into /usr/local, but this can be changed
        with the "--prefix" option when running "configure".

        You may specify the option "--sysconfdir" to set the directory
        where configuration files like "named.conf" go by default,
        and "--localstatedir" to set the default parent directory
        of "run/named.pid".   For backwards compatibility with BIND 8,
        --sysconfdir defaults to "/etc" and --localstatedir defaults to
        "/var" if no --prefix option is given.  If there is a --prefix
        option, sysconfdir defaults to "$prefix/etc" and localstatedir
        defaults to "$prefix/var".

        To see additional configure options, run "configure --help".
        Note that the help message does not reflect the BIND 8
        compatibility defaults for sysconfdir and localstatedir.

        If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source, you
        should also "make depend".  If you're using Emacs, you might find
        "make tags" helpful.

        If you need to re-run configure please run "make distclean" first.
        This will ensure that all the option changes take.

        Building with gcc is not supported, unless gcc is the vendor's usual
        compiler (e.g. the various BSD systems, Linux).

        Known compiler issues:
        * gcc-3.2.1 and gcc-3.1.1 is known to cause problems with solaris-x86.
        * gcc prior to gcc-3.2.3 ultrasparc generates incorrect code at -02.
        * gcc-3.3.5 powerpc generates incorrect code at -02.
        * Irix, MipsPRO 7.4.1m is known to cause problems.

        A limited test suite can be run with "make test".  Many of
        the tests require you to configure a set of virtual IP addresses
        on your system, and some require Perl; see bin/tests/system/README
        for details.

        SunOS 4 requires "printf" to be installed to make the shared
        libraries.  sh-utils-1.16 provides a "printf" which compiles
        on SunOS 4.

Known limitations

        Linux requires kernel build 2.6.39 or later to get the
        performance benefits from using multiple sockets.

Documentation

        The BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual is included with the
        source distribution in DocBook XML and HTML format, in the
        doc/arm directory.

        Some of the programs in the BIND 9 distribution have man pages
        in their directories.  In particular, the command line
        options of "named" are documented in /bin/named/named.8.
        There is now also a set of man pages for the lwres library.

        If you are upgrading from BIND 8, please read the migration
        notes in doc/misc/migration.  If you are upgrading from
        BIND 4, read doc/misc/migration-4to9.

        Frequently asked questions and their answers can be found in
        FAQ.

        Additional information on various subjects can be found
        in the other README files.


Change Log

        A detailed list of all changes to BIND 9 is included in the
        file CHANGES, with the most recent changes listed first.
        Change notes include tags indicating the category of the
        change that was made; these categories are:

           [func]         New feature

           [bug]          General bug fix

           [security]     Fix for a significant security flaw

           [experimental] Used for new features when the syntax
                          or other aspects of the design are still
                          in flux and may change

           [port]         Portability enhancement

           [maint]        Updates to built-in data such as root
                          server addresses and keys

           [tuning]       Changes to built-in configuration defaults
                          and constants to improve performanceo

           [protocol]     Updates to the DNS protocol such as new
                          RR types

           [test]         Changes to the automatic tests, not
                          affecting server functionality

           [cleanup]      Minor corrections and refactoring

           [doc]          Documentation

        In general, [func] and [experimental] tags will only appear
        in new-feature releases (i.e., those with version numbers
        ending in zero).  Some new functionality may be backported to
        older releases on a case-by-case basis.  All other change
        types may be applied to all currently-supported releases.


Bug Reports and Mailing Lists

        Bugs reports should be sent to

                bind9-bugs@isc.org

        To join the BIND Users mailing list, send mail to

                bind-users-request@isc.org

        archives of which can be found via

                http://www.isc.org/ops/lists/

        If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source
        code, you might want to join the BIND Workers mailing list.
        Send mail to

                bind-workers-request@isc.org


