// -*- c++ -*-
/* $Id: iochannel.hg,v 1.8 2006/05/12 08:08:44 murrayc Exp $ */

/* Copyright (C) 2002 The gtkmm Development Team
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free
 * Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 */

_DEFS(glibmm,glib)

#include <glibmmconfig.h>
#include <glibmm/error.h>
#include <glibmm/main.h>
#include <glibmm/refptr.h>
#include <glibmm/ustring.h>
#include <glib.h>
#include <string>

#ifndef DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS
extern "C" { typedef struct _GIOChannel GIOChannel; }
#endif

namespace Glib
{

class Source;
class IOSource;

_WRAP_ENUM(SeekType, GSeekType, NO_GTYPE, s#^SEEK_#SEEK_TYPE_#)
_WRAP_ENUM(IOStatus, GIOStatus, NO_GTYPE)
_WRAP_ENUM(IOFlags, GIOFlags, NO_GTYPE)

/** Exception class for IOChannel errors.
 */
_WRAP_GERROR(IOChannelError, GIOChannelError, G_IO_CHANNEL_ERROR, NO_GTYPE,
    s#^INVAL$#INVALID_ARGUMENT#,
    s#^ISDIR$#IS_DIRECTORY#,
    s#^PIPE$#BROKEN_PIPE#,
    s#^NOSPC$#NO_SPACE_LEFT#,
    s#^NXIO$#NO_SUCH_DEVICE#,
    s#^ACCES$#ACCESS_DENIED#,
    s#^FBIG$#FILE_TOO_BIG#,
    s#^IO$#IO_ERROR#,
    s#^OVERFLOW$#OVERFLOWN#)

#ifndef DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS
class GlibmmIOChannel;
#endif

/** IOChannel aims to provide portable I/O support for files, pipes
 * and sockets, and to integrate them with the GLib main event loop.
 *
 * Note that IOChannels implement an automatic implicit character set
 * conversion to the data stream, and usually will not pass by default
 * binary data unchanged.  To set the encoding of the channel, use e.g.
 * set_encoding("ISO-8859-15"). To set the channel to no encoding, use
 * set_encoding() without any arguments.
 *
 * You can create an IOChannel with one of the static create methods, or
 * implement one yourself, in which case you have to 1)&nbsp;override all
 * _vfunc() members. 2)&nbsp;set the GIOChannel flags in your constructor.
 *
 * @note This feature of being able to implement a custom Glib::IOChannel is
 * deprecated in glibmm&nbsp;2.2.  The vfunc interface has not yet stabilized
 * enough to allow that -- the C++ wrapper went in by pure accident.  Besides,
 * it isn't terribly useful either.  Thus please refrain from overriding any
 * IOChannel vfuncs.
 */
class IOChannel : public sigc::trackable
{
  _CLASS_GENERIC(IOChannel, GIOChannel)

  dnl // We can't support get_fd() properly because it is impossible
  dnl // to detect the specific GIOChannel type at runtime.
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_unix_get_fd, g_io_channel_win32_get_fd)

  dnl // deprecated or internal
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_seek, g_io_channel_close, g_io_channel_read,
          g_io_channel_write, g_io_channel_win32_make_pollfd)

public:
  virtual ~IOChannel();

  /** Open a file @a filename as an I/O channel using mode @a mode.
   * This channel will be closed when the last reference to it is dropped,
   * so there is no need to call close() (though doing so will not cause
   * problems, as long as no attempt is made to access the channel after
   * it is closed).
   * @param filename The name of the file to open.
   * @param mode One of <tt>"r"</tt>, <tt>"w"</tt>, <tt>"a"</tt>,
   *  <tt>"r+"</tt>, <tt>"w+"</tt>, <tt>"a+"</tt>. These have the
   *  same meaning as in <tt>fopen()</tt>.
   * @return An IOChannel for the opened file.
   * @throw Glib::FileError
   */
  static Glib::RefPtr<IOChannel> create_from_file(const std::string& filename, const std::string& mode);
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_new_file)

  /** Creates an I/O channel from a file descriptor.
   * On Unix, IOChannels created with this function work for any file
   * descriptor or socket.
   *
   * On Win32, this can be used either for files opened with the MSVCRT (the
   * Microsoft run-time C library) <tt>_open()</tt> or <tt>_pipe()</tt>,
   * including file descriptors 0, 1 and 2 (corresponding to <tt>stdin</tt>,
   * <tt>stdout</tt> and <tt>stderr</tt>), or for Winsock <tt>SOCKET</tt>s. If
   * the parameter is a legal file descriptor, it is assumed to be such,
   * otherwise it should be a <tt>SOCKET</tt>. This relies on <tt>SOCKET</tt>s
   * and file descriptors not overlapping. If you want to be certain, call
   * either create_from_win32_fd() or create_from_win32_socket() instead as
   * appropriate.
   *
   * The term file descriptor as used in the context of Win32 refers to the
   * emulated Unix-like file descriptors MSVCRT provides. The native
   * corresponding concept is file <tt>HANDLE</tt>. There isn't as of yet
   * a way to get IOChannels for Win32 file <tt>HANDLE</tt>s.
   */
  static Glib::RefPtr<IOChannel> create_from_fd(int fd);
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_unix_new)

/* defined(DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS) actually does the opposite of what it looks like... */
#if defined(G_OS_WIN32) || defined(DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS)

  /** Create an I/O channel for C runtime (emulated Unix-like) file descriptors.
   * After calling add_watch() on a I/O channel returned by this function, you
   * shouldn't call read() on the file descriptor. This is because adding
   * polling for a file descriptor is implemented on Win32 by starting a thread
   * that sits blocked in a <tt>%read()</tt> from the file descriptor most of
   * the time.  All reads from the file descriptor should be done by this
   * internal GLib thread. Your code should call only IOChannel::read().
   */
  static Glib::RefPtr<IOChannel> create_from_win32_fd(int fd);
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_win32_new_fd)

  /** Create an I/O channel for a winsock socket. The parameter should be a
   * <tt>SOCKET</tt>. Contrary to I/O channels for file descriptors (on Win32),
   * you can use normal <tt>recv()</tt> or <tt>recvfrom()</tt> on sockets even
   * if GLib is polling them.
   */
  static Glib::RefPtr<IOChannel> create_from_win32_socket(int socket);
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_win32_new_socket)

#endif /* defined(G_OS_WIN32) || defined(DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS) */

  /** Read a single UCS-4 character.
   * @retval thechar The Unicode character.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOStatus read(gunichar& thechar), g_io_channel_read_unichar, errthrow)

  /** Read a character sequence into memory.
   * @param buf A buffer to read data into.
   * @param count The size of the buffer in bytes.  Note that the buffer may
   * not be complelely filled even if there is data in the buffer if the
   * remaining data is not a complete character.
   * @retval bytes_read The number of bytes read.  This may be zero even on
   * success if @a count < 6 and the channel's encoding is not <tt>""</tt>.
   * This indicates that the next UTF-8 character is too wide for the buffer.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOStatus read(char* buf, gsize count, gsize& bytes_read),
               g_io_channel_read_chars, errthrow)

  /** Read a maximum of @a count bytes into @a str.
   * @param count The maximum number of bytes to read.
   * @retval str The characters that have been read.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  IOStatus read(Glib::ustring& str, gsize count);

  /** Read a whole line.
   * Reads until the line separator is found, which is included
   * in the result string.
   * @retval line The line that was read.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  IOStatus read_line(Glib::ustring& line);
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_read_line, g_io_channel_read_line_string)

  /** Reads all the remaining data from the file.
   * @retval str The resulting string.
   * @return Glib::IO_STATUS_NORMAL on success. This function never
   *  returns Glib::IO_STATUS_EOF.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  IOStatus read_to_end(Glib::ustring& str);
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_read_to_end)

  /** Write a string to the I/O channel.
   * Note that this method does not return the number of characters written.
   * If the channel is blocking and the returned value is
   * Glib::IO_STATUS_NORMAL, the whole string was written.
   * @param str the string to write.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  IOStatus write(const Glib::ustring& str);

  /** Write a memory area of @a count bytes to the I/O channel.
   * @param buf The start of the memory area.
   * @param count The number of bytes to write.
   * @retval bytes_written The number of bytes written to the channel.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOStatus write(const char* buf, gssize count, gsize& bytes_written),
               g_io_channel_write_chars, errthrow)

  /** Write a single UCS-4 character to the I/O channel.
   * @param unichar The character to write.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOStatus write(gunichar unichar), g_io_channel_write_unichar, errthrow)

  /** Seek the I/O channel to a specific position.
   * @param offset The offset in bytes from the position specified by @a type.
   * @param type A SeekType. The type Glib::SEEK_TYPE_CUR is only allowed in
   * those cases where a call to set_encoding() is allowed. See the
   * documentation for set_encoding() for details.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOStatus seek(gint64 offset, SeekType type = SEEK_TYPE_SET),
               g_io_channel_seek_position, errthrow)

  /** Flush the buffers of the I/O channel.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   * @throw Glib::ConvertError
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOStatus flush(), g_io_channel_flush, errthrow)

  /** Close the I/O channel.
   * Any pending data to be written will be flushed if @a flush is <tt>true</tt>.
   * The channel will not be freed until the last reference is dropped.
   * Accessing the channel after closing it is considered an error.
   * @param flush Whether to flush() pending data before closing the channel.
   * @return The status of the operation.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOStatus close(bool flush = true), g_io_channel_shutdown, errthrow)

  /** Get the IOChannel internal buffer size.
   * @return The buffer size.
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(gsize get_buffer_size() const, g_io_channel_get_buffer_size)

  /** Set the internal IOChannel buffer size.
   * @param size The buffer size the IOChannel should use.
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(void set_buffer_size(gsize size), g_io_channel_set_buffer_size)

  /** Get the current flags for a IOChannel, including read-only
   * flags such as Glib::IO_FLAG_IS_READABLE.
   *
   * The values of the flags Glib::IO_FLAG_IS_READABLE and
   * Glib::IO_FLAG_IS_WRITEABLE are cached for internal use by the channel when
   * it is created.  If they should change at some later point (e.g. partial
   * shutdown of a socket with the UNIX <tt>shutdown()</tt> function), the user
   * should immediately call get_flags() to update the internal values of these
   * flags.
   * @return Bitwise combination of the flags set on the channel.
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOFlags get_flags() const, g_io_channel_get_flags)

  /** Set flags on the IOChannel.
   * @param flags Bitwise combination of the flags to set.
   * @return The operation result code.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOStatus set_flags(IOFlags flags), g_io_channel_set_flags, errthrow)

  /** Set the buffering status of the I/O channel.
   * The buffering state can only be set if the channel's encoding is
   * <tt>""</tt>. For any other encoding, the channel must be buffered.
   *
   * A buffered channel can only be set unbuffered if the channel's internal
   * buffers have been flushed. Newly created channels or channels which have
   * returned Glib::IO_STATUS_EOF not require such a flush. For write-only
   * channels, a call to flush() is sufficient. For all other channels, the
   * buffers may be flushed by a call to seek().  This includes the possibility
   * of seeking with seek type Glib::SEEK_TYPE_CUR and an offset of zero. Note
   * that this means that socket-based channels cannot be set unbuffered once
   * they have had data read from them.
   *
   * The default state of the channel is buffered.
   *
   * @param buffered Whether to set the channel buffered or unbuffered.
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(void set_buffered(bool buffered), g_io_channel_set_buffered)

  /** Get the buffering status of the I/O channel.
   * @return The buffering status of the channel.
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(bool get_buffered() const, g_io_channel_get_buffered)

  /** Returns an IOCondition depending on whether there is data to be
   * read/space to write data in the internal buffers in the I/O channel.
   * Only the flags Glib::IO_IN and Glib::IO_OUT may be set.
   * @return Bitwise combination of Glib::IOCondition flags.
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(IOCondition get_buffer_condition() const, g_io_channel_get_buffer_condition)

  /** Returns whether the file/socket/whatever associated with the I/O channel
   * will be closed when the channel receives its final unref and is destroyed.
   * The default value of this is <tt>true</tt> for channels created by
   * create_from_file(), and <tt>false</tt> for all other channels.
   * @return Whether the channel will be closed on the final unref of the
   * IOChannel object.
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(bool get_close_on_unref() const, g_io_channel_get_close_on_unref)

  /** Setting this flag to <tt>true</tt> for a channel you have already closed
   * can cause problems.
   * @param do_close Whether to close the channel on the final unref of the
   * IOChannel object.  The default value of this is <tt>true</tt> for channels
   * created by create_from_file(), and <tt>false</tt> for all other channels.
   */
  _WRAP_METHOD(void set_close_on_unref(bool do_close), g_io_channel_set_close_on_unref)

  /** Sets the encoding for the input/output of the channel.
   * The internal encoding is always UTF-8.  The default encoding for the
   * external file is UTF-8.  The encoding <tt>""</tt> is safe to use with
   * binary data.
   *
   * The encoding can only be set if one of the following conditions
   * is true:
   *
   * -# The channel was just created, and has not been written to or read from
   *  yet.
   * -# The channel is write-only.
   * -# The channel is a file, and the file pointer was just repositioned by a
   *  call to seek_position().  (This flushes all the internal buffers.)
   * -# The current encoding is <tt>""</tt> or UTF-8.
   * -# One of the read methods has just returned Glib::IO_STATUS_EOF (or, in
   *  the case of read_to_end(), Glib::IO_STATUS_NORMAL).
   * -# The read() method has returned Glib::IO_STATUS_AGAIN or thrown
   *  a Glib::Error exception.  This may be useful in the case of
   *  ConvertError::ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE.  Returning one of these statuses
   *  from read_line() or read_to_end() does <em>not</em> guarantee that
   *  the encoding can be changed.
   *
   * Channels which do not meet one of the above conditions cannot call
   * seek_position() with a seek type of Glib::SEEK_TYPE_CUR and, if they
   * are "seekable", cannot call write() after calling one of the API
   * "read" methods.
   *
   * @param encoding The encoding name, or <tt>""</tt> for binary.
   * @return Glib::IO_STATUS_NORMAL if the encoding was successfully set.
   * @throw Glib::IOChannelError
   */
  IOStatus set_encoding(const std::string& encoding = std::string());
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_set_encoding)

  /** Get the encoding of the I/O channel.
   * @return The current encoding of the channel.
   */
  std::string get_encoding() const;
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_get_encoding)

  void set_line_term(const std::string& term = std::string());
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_set_line_term)

  std::string get_line_term() const;
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_get_line_term)

  /** Creates an IOSource object.
   * Create a slot from a function to be called when condition is met
   * for the channel with sigc::ptr_fun() or sigc::mem_fun() and pass
   * it into the connect() function of the returned IOSource object.
   * Polling of the channel will start when you attach a MainContext
   * object to the returned IOSource object using its attach() function.
   *
   * Glib::signal_io().connect() is a simpler interface to the same
   * functionality, for the case where you want to add the source to the
   * default main context.
   * @param condition The condition to watch for.
   * @return An IOSource object that can be polled from a MainContext's event loop.
   */
  Glib::RefPtr<IOSource> create_watch(IOCondition condition);
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_create_watch)

  virtual void reference()   const;
  virtual void unreference() const;
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_ref, g_io_channel_unref)

  GIOChannel*       gobj()       { return gobject_; }
  const GIOChannel* gobj() const { return gobject_; }

protected:
  GIOChannel* gobject_;

  /** Constructor that should be used by derived classes.
   * Use this constructor if you want to inherit from IOChannel.
   * It will set up a GIOChannel that will call the vfuncs of your 
   * class even if it is being used from C code, and it will keep
   * a reference to the C++ code while the GIOChannel exists.
   */
  IOChannel();
  _IGNORE(g_io_channel_init)

#ifndef DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS
  IOChannel(GIOChannel* gobject, bool take_copy);
#endif

  virtual IOStatus read_vfunc(char* buf, gsize count, gsize& bytes_read);
  virtual IOStatus write_vfunc(const char* buf, gsize count, gsize& bytes_written);
  virtual IOStatus seek_vfunc(gint64 offset, SeekType type);
  virtual IOStatus close_vfunc();
  virtual IOStatus set_flags_vfunc(IOFlags flags);
  virtual IOFlags  get_flags_vfunc();
  virtual Glib::RefPtr<Glib::Source> create_watch_vfunc(IOCondition cond);

#ifndef DOXYGEN_SHOULD_SKIP_THIS
  friend class Glib::GlibmmIOChannel;
#endif
};

Glib::RefPtr<IOChannel> wrap(GIOChannel* gobject, bool take_copy = false);

} // namespace Glib

