## Arrays

Arrays — arrays of arbitrary elements which grow automatically as elements are added

## Synopsis

    #include <glib.h>

    struct              GArray;
    GArray *            g_array_new                         (gboolean zero_terminated,
                                                             gboolean clear_,
                                                             guint element_size);
    GArray *            g_array_sized_new                   (gboolean zero_terminated,
                                                             gboolean clear_,
                                                             guint element_size,
                                                             guint reserved_size);
    GArray *            g_array_ref                         (GArray *array);
    void                g_array_unref                       (GArray *array);
    guint               g_array_get_element_size            (GArray *array);
    #define             g_array_append_val                  (a,
                                                             v)
    GArray *            g_array_append_vals                 (GArray *array,
                                                             gconstpointer data,
                                                             guint len);
    #define             g_array_prepend_val                 (a,
                                                             v)
    GArray *            g_array_prepend_vals                (GArray *array,
                                                             gconstpointer data,
                                                             guint len);
    #define             g_array_insert_val                  (a,
                                                             i,
                                                             v)
    GArray *            g_array_insert_vals                 (GArray *array,
                                                             guint index_,
                                                             gconstpointer data,
                                                             guint len);
    GArray *            g_array_remove_index                (GArray *array,
                                                             guint index_);
    GArray *            g_array_remove_index_fast           (GArray *array,
                                                             guint index_);
    GArray *            g_array_remove_range                (GArray *array,
                                                             guint index_,
                                                             guint length);
    void                g_array_sort                        (GArray *array,
                                                             GCompareFunc compare_func);
    void                g_array_sort_with_data              (GArray *array,
                                                             GCompareDataFunc compare_func,
                                                             gpointer user_data);
    #define             g_array_index                       (a,
                                                             t,
                                                             i)
    GArray *            g_array_set_size                    (GArray *array,
                                                             guint length);
    gchar *             g_array_free                        (GArray *array,
                                                             gboolean free_segment);

## Description

Arrays are similar to standard C arrays, except that they grow automatically as elements are added.

Array elements can be of any size (though all elements of one array are the same size), and the array can be automatically cleared to '0's and zero-terminated.

To create a new array use `g_array_new()`.

To add elements to an array, use `g_array_append_val()`, `g_array_append_vals()`, `g_array_prepend_val()`, and `g_array_prepend_vals()`.

To access an element of an array, use `g_array_index()`.

To set the size of an array, use `g_array_set_size()`.

To free an array, use `g_array_free()`.

Example 14. Using a GArray to store gint values

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    GArray *garray;
    gint i;
    /* We create a new array to store gint values.
       We don't want it zero-terminated or cleared to 0's. */
    garray = g_array_new (FALSE, FALSE, sizeof (gint));
    for (i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
      g_array_append_val (garray, i);
    for (i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
      if (g_array_index (garray, gint, i) != i)
        g_print ("ERROR: got %d instead of %d\n",
                 g_array_index (garray, gint, i), i);
    g_array_free (garray, TRUE);

## Details

### struct GArray

    struct GArray {
      gchar *data;
      guint len;
    };

Contains the public fields of an Array.

gchar *`data`; | a pointer to the element data. The data may be moved as elements are added to the GArray.
guint `len`; | the number of elements in the GArray not including the possible terminating zero element.

### g_array_new ()

    GArray *            g_array_new                         (gboolean zero_terminated,
                                                             gboolean clear_,
                                                             guint element_size);

Creates a new GArray with a reference count of 1.

`zero_terminated` : | `TRUE` if the array should have an extra element at the end which is set to 0.
`clear_` : | `TRUE` if GArray elements should be automatically cleared to 0 when they are allocated.
`element_size` : | the size of each element in bytes.
Returns : | the new GArray.

### g_array_sized_new ()

    GArray *            g_array_sized_new                   (gboolean zero_terminated,
                                                             gboolean clear_,
                                                             guint element_size,
                                                             guint reserved_size);

Creates a new GArray with `reserved_size` elements preallocated and a reference count of 1. This avoids frequent reallocation, if you are going to add many elements to the array. Note however that the size of the array is still 0.

`zero_terminated` : | `TRUE` if the array should have an extra element at the end with all bits cleared.
`clear_` : | `TRUE` if all bits in the array should be cleared to 0 on allocation.
`element_size` : | size of each element in the array.
`reserved_size` : | number of elements preallocated.
Returns : | the new GArray.

### g_array_ref ()

    GArray *            g_array_ref                         (GArray *array);

Atomically increments the reference count of `array` by one. This function is MT-safe and may be called from any thread.

`array` : | A GArray.
Returns : | The passed in GArray.

Since 2.22

### g_array_unref ()

    void                g_array_unref                       (GArray *array);

Atomically decrements the reference count of `array` by one. If the reference count drops to 0, all memory allocated by the array is released. This function is MT-safe and may be called from any thread.

`array` : | A GArray.

Since 2.22

### g_array_get_element_size ()

    guint               g_array_get_element_size            (GArray *array);

Gets the size of the elements in `array`.

`array` : | A GArray.
Returns : | Size of each element, in bytes.

Since 2.22

### g_array_append_val()

    #define             g_array_append_val(a,v)

Adds the value on to the end of the array. The array will grow in size automatically if necessary.

### Note

`g_array_append_val()` is a macro which uses a reference to the value parameter `v`. This means that you cannot use it with literal values such as "27". You must use variables.

`a` : | a GArray.
`v` : | the value to append to the GArray.
Returns : | the GArray.

### g_array_append_vals ()

    GArray *            g_array_append_vals                 (GArray *array,
                                                             gconstpointer data,
                                                             guint len);

Adds `len` elements onto the end of the array.

`array` : | a GArray.
`data` : | a pointer to the elements to append to the end of the array.
`len` : | the number of elements to append.
Returns : | the GArray.

### g_array_prepend_val()

    #define             g_array_prepend_val(a,v)

Adds the value on to the start of the array. The array will grow in size automatically if necessary.

This operation is slower than `g_array_append_val()` since the existing elements in the array have to be moved to make space for the new element.

### Note

`g_array_prepend_val()` is a macro which uses a reference to the value parameter `v`. This means that you cannot use it with literal values such as "27". You must use variables.

`a` : | a GArray.
`v` : | the value to prepend to the GArray.
Returns : | the GArray.

### g_array_prepend_vals ()

    GArray *            g_array_prepend_vals                (GArray *array,
                                                             gconstpointer data,
                                                             guint len);

Adds `len` elements onto the start of the array.

This operation is slower than `g_array_append_vals()` since the existing elements in the array have to be moved to make space for the new elements.

`array` : | a GArray.
`data` : | a pointer to the elements to prepend to the start of the array.
`len` : | the number of elements to prepend.
Returns : | the GArray.

### g_array_insert_val()

    #define             g_array_insert_val(a,i,v)

Inserts an element into an array at the given index.

### Note

`g_array_insert_val()` is a macro which uses a reference to the value parameter `v`. This means that you cannot use it with literal values such as "27". You must use variables.

`a` : | a GArray.
`i` : | the index to place the element at.
`v` : | the value to insert into the array.
Returns : | the GArray.

### g_array_insert_vals ()

    GArray *            g_array_insert_vals                 (GArray *array,
                                                             guint index_,
                                                             gconstpointer data,
                                                             guint len);

Inserts `len` elements into a GArray at the given index.

`array` : | a GArray.
`index_` : | the index to place the elements at.
`data` : | a pointer to the elements to insert.
`len` : | the number of elements to insert.
Returns : | the GArray.

### g_array_remove_index ()

    GArray *            g_array_remove_index                (GArray *array,
                                                             guint index_);

Removes the element at the given index from a GArray. The following elements are moved down one place.

`array` : | a GArray.
`index_` : | the index of the element to remove.
Returns : | the GArray.

### g_array_remove_index_fast ()

    GArray *            g_array_remove_index_fast           (GArray *array,
                                                             guint index_);

Removes the element at the given index from a GArray. The last element in the array is used to fill in the space, so this function does not preserve the order of the GArray. But it is faster than `g_array_remove_index()`.

`array` : | a `GArray`.
`index_` : | the index of the element to remove.
Returns : | the GArray.

### g_array_remove_range ()

    GArray *            g_array_remove_range                (GArray *array,
                                                             guint index_,
                                                             guint length);

Removes the given number of elements starting at the given index from a GArray. The following elements are moved to close the gap.

`array` : | a `GArray`.
`index_` : | the index of the first element to remove.
`length` : | the number of elements to remove.
Returns : | the GArray.

Since 2.4

### g_array_sort ()

    void                g_array_sort                        (GArray *array,
                                                             GCompareFunc compare_func);

Sorts a GArray using `compare_func` which should be a `qsort()`-style comparison function (returns less than zero for first arg is less than second arg, zero for equal, greater zero if first arg is greater than second arg).

If two array elements compare equal, their order in the sorted array is undefined. If you want equal elements to keep their order &8211; i.e. you want a stable sort &8211; you can write a comparison function that, if two elements would otherwise compare equal, compares them by their addresses.

`array` : | a GArray.
`compare_func` : | comparison function.

### g_array_sort_with_data ()

    void                g_array_sort_with_data              (GArray *array,
                                                             GCompareDataFunc compare_func,
                                                             gpointer user_data);

Like `g_array_sort()`, but the comparison function receives an extra user data argument.

`array` : | a GArray.
`compare_func` : | comparison function.
`user_data` : | data to pass to `compare_func`.

### g_array_index()

    #define             g_array_index(a,t,i)

Returns the element of a GArray at the given index. The return value is cast to the given type.

Example 15. Getting a pointer to an element in a GArray

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    EDayViewEvent *event;
    /* This gets a pointer to the 4th element
       in the array of EDayViewEvent structs. */
    event = &g_array_index (events, EDayViewEvent, 3);

`a` : | a GArray.
`t` : | the type of the elements.
`i` : | the index of the element to return.
Returns : | the element of the GArray at the index given by `i`.

### g_array_set_size ()

    GArray *            g_array_set_size                    (GArray *array,
                                                             guint length);

Sets the size of the array, expanding it if necessary. If the array was created with `clear_` set to `TRUE`, the new elements are set to 0.

`array` : | a GArray.
`length` : | the new size of the GArray.
Returns : | the GArray.

### g_array_free ()

    gchar *             g_array_free                        (GArray *array,
                                                             gboolean free_segment);

Frees the memory allocated for the GArray. If `free_segment` is `TRUE` it frees the memory block holding the elements as well and also each element if `array` has a `element_free_func` set. Pass `FALSE` if you want to free the GArray wrapper but preserve the underlying array for use elsewhere. If the reference count of `array` is greater than one, the GArray wrapper is preserved but the size of `array` will be set to zero.

### Note

If array elements contain dynamically-allocated memory, they should be freed separately.

`array` : | a GArray.
`free_segment` : | if `TRUE` the actual element data is freed as well.
Returns : | the element data if `free_segment` is `FALSE`, otherwise `NULL`. The element data should be freed using `g_free()`.