# Getting started with audio

The best filters to take a look at if you are searching for a way to get started with an audio filter is the internal audio filters of AviSynth. Mainly `audio.cpp` is interesting.

Basically you override GetAudio(...) instead of GetFrame, and fill the buffer with data. A simple filter could look like this:

#### Filter creation - skip if no audio:

    AVSValue __cdecl HalfVolume::Create(AVSValue args, void*, IScriptEnvironment* env) {
      if (!args[0].AsClip()->GetVideoInfo().HasAudio())
          return args[0];

      // Auto convert audio to a compatible format.
      AVSValue CA_args[3] = { args[0], SAMPLE_INT16 | SAMPLE_FLOAT, SAMPLE_FLOAT };
      PClip clip = env->Invoke("ConvertAudio", AVSValue(CA_args, 3)).AsClip();

      return new HalfVolume(clip);
    }

What `ConvertAudio()` does is, that you tell it that your filter supports SAMPLE_INT16 and SAMPLE_FLOAT, and that it prefers SAMPLE_FLOAT. If the input isn't 16 bit or float, it'll be converted to float, otherwise the original PClip is returned.

#### Constructor:

    HalfVolume::HalfVolume(PClip _child)
        : GenericVideoFilter(_child) { // Provide null GetFrame, GetParity, etc
    }

#### GetAudio override:

    void __stdcall HalfVolume::GetAudio(void* buf, __int64 start, __int64 count, IScriptEnvironment* env) {
      child->GetAudio(buf, start, count, env);
      int channels = vi.AudioChannels();

      if (vi.SampleType() == SAMPLE_INT16) {
        short* samples = (short*)buf;
        for (int i=0; i< count; i++) {
          for(int j=0;j< channels;j++) {
             samples[i*channels+j] += 1; // Round
             samples[i*channels+j] /= 2; // Halve
          }
        }
      } else if (vi.SampleType() == SAMPLE_FLOAT) {
        SFLOAT* samples = (SFLOAT*)buf;
        for (int i=0; i< count; i++) {
          for(int j=0;j< channels;j++) {
             samples[i*channels+j] /= 2.0f; // Halve, rounding not needed
          }
        }
      }
    }

Implementation of a half volume filter. Very explicit, so it isn't going to be the fastest possible, but it should serve the purpose. Furthermore have a look discussion here and look also at `audio.cpp` for a bunch of more advanced stuff. A lot of technical details are also to be found in AviSynth Two-Five Audio.

Since we are invoking ConvertAudio() you might wonder whether it is possible to call it in a script. That is indeed possible, but not documented since it is not very practical to do so. You need to know that SAMPLE_INT8 = 1b = 1, SAMPLE_INT16 = 10b = 2, SAMPLE_INT24 = 100b = 4, SAMPLE_INT32 = 1000b = 8 and SAMPLE_FLOAT = 10000b = 16 (although these values might change some day).

In the example above we call ConvertAudio() with SAMPLE_INT16 | SAMPLE_FLOAT = 10b | 10000b = 10010b = 18, so you need to call it as ConvertAudio(clip, 18, 16).

You should realise that float audio will be converted to 16 bit when feeding it to the encoder. At least unless you have set global OPT_AllowFloatAudio = True in your script.

Back to FilterSDK

`$Date: 2015/09/14 20:23:59 $`